TABLE 2.
Characteristic of Included Studies for Subgroup analysis
| Study | Country | Group | Age | Measuring methods | Gender | Recruitment |
Diagnostic criteria |
Index | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F | M | ||||||||
| Schweiger | Germany | No depression | 60(12) | Single energy quantitative CT | 27 | 30 | Clinical samples | DSM‐III‐R | BMD |
| Depression | 60.5(10.5) | 53 | 27 | ||||||
| Michelson | USA | No depression | 41(7) | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 24 | 0 | Clinical samples | DSM‐III‐R | BMD |
| Depression | 41(8) | 24 | 0 | ||||||
| Amsterdam | USA | No depression | 37.8(3.6) | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 3 | 2 | Clinical samples | DSM‐III‐R | BMD |
| Depression | 41.3(12.8) | 4 | 2 | ||||||
| Reginster | Belgium | No depression | —— | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 12 | 0 | Population based | Self‐rating (GHQ−28) | BMD |
| Depression | —— | 12 | 0 | ||||||
| Whooley | USA | No depression | 73.3(5.1) | Dual‐energy X‐ray | ‐ | ‐ | Population based | Self‐rating (GDS) | BMD |
| Depression | 74.5(5.3) | ‐ | ‐ | ||||||
| Schweiger | Germany | No depression | 64(10) | Single energy quantitative CT | 7 | 14 | Clinical samples | DSM‐III‐R | BMD |
| Depression | 59(11) | 8 | 10 | ||||||
| Robbins | USA | No depression | 74.21 (4.61) | Dual‐energy X‐ray | ‐ | ‐ | Population based | Self‐rating (CES‐Dm) | BMD |
| Depression | 74.87 (5.56) | ‐ | ‐ | ||||||
| Kavunco | Turkey | No depression | 36.7(6.7) | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 42 | 0 | Clinical samples | DSM‐IV | BMD |
| Depression | 35.4(7.5) | 42 | 0 | ||||||
| Yazıcı | Turkey | No depression | 31.2(7.9) | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 15 | 0 | Clinical samples | DSM‐IV | BMD |
| Depression | 30.8(8.4) | 25 | 0 | ||||||
| Mussolino | USA | No depression | 29.8 | Dual‐energy X‐ray | ‐ | ‐ | Population based | Self‐rating (DIS) | BMD |
| Depression | 30.3 | ‐ | ‐ | ||||||
| Whooley | USA | No depression | 66.7 ( 7.5) | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 0 | 16 | Population based | Self‐rating (GDS) | BMD |
| Depression | 64.6 ( 8.6) | 0 | 497 | ||||||
| Ozsoy | Turkey | no depression | 33.73 ± 7.16 | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 12 | 11 | Clinical samples | DSM‐IV | BMD, Z‐score, T‐score |
| depression | 37.57 ± 8.70 | 21 | 21 | ||||||
| Sogaard | Norway | no depression | 40.5 | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 1,437 | ‐ | Population based | Self‐‐rating (custom) | BMD |
| depression | 40.7 | 343 | ‐ | ||||||
| Wong | Hongkong | no depression | 72.34 ± 4.96 | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 0 | 1,830 | Population based | Self‐rating (GDS) | BMD |
| depression | 72.94 ± 5.41 | 0 | 169 | ||||||
| Yazıcı | Turkey | no depression | 46.2 ± 4.2 | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 30 | 0 | Clinical samples | DSM‐IV | BMD, T‐score |
| depression | 44.8 ± 5.4 | 35 | 0 | ||||||
| Kahl | Germany | no depression | 18–43 | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 16 | 0 | Clinical samples | DSM‐IV | BMD, T‐score |
| depression | 20–51 | 23 | 0 | ||||||
| Altindag | Turkey | no depression | 42.8 (5.3 ) | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 41 | 0 | Clinical samples | DSM‐IV | BMD |
| depression | 39.8 (8.8) | 36 | 0 | ||||||
| Diem | USA | no depression | 75.6 ± 4.1 | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 3,977 | 0 | Population based | Self‐rating (GDS) | BMD |
| depression | 76.7 ± 4.3 | 200 | 0 | ||||||
| Eskandari | USA | no depression | 35 ± 6.8 | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 44 | 0 | Clinical samples | DSM‐IV | BMD |
| depression | 35 ± 6.9 | 89 | 0 | ||||||
| Petronijević | Serbia | no depression | 40.5 ± 5.7 | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 47 | 0 | Clinical samples | DSM‐IV | BMD |
| depression | 40.7 ± 4.6 | 73 | 0 | ||||||
| Mezuk | USA | no depression | —— | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 55 | 28 | Population based | Self‐rating(DIS) | BMD |
| depression | —— | 7 | 3 | ||||||
| Williams | Australia | no depression | 66.0 | Dual‐energy X‐ray | ‐ | ‐ | Population based | Self‐rating | BMD |
| depression | 65.0 | ‐ | ‐ | ||||||
| Atteritano | Italy | no depression | 53.36 ± 2.47 | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 50 | 0 | Clinical samples | DSM‐IV | BMD, Z‐score, T‐score |
| depression | 53.63 ± 1.93 | 50 | 0 | ||||||
| Fazeli | USA | no depression | <17 | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 16 | 16 | Clinical samples | DSM‐IV | BMD, Z‐score |
| depression | <17 | 17 | 16 | ||||||
| Calarge | USA | no depression | 19.1(1.4) | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 43 | 29 | Clinical samples | DSM‐IV | BMD, Z‐score |
| depression | 19.1(1.4) | 110 | 40 | ||||||
| Rauma | Finland | no depression | 60.9 | Dual‐energy X‐ray | 0 | 794 | Population based | Self‐rating | BMD |
| depression | 53.5 | 0 | 144 | ||||||