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. 2021 Sep 10;2(9):100340. doi: 10.1016/j.patter.2021.100340

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© 2021 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Proportional breakdown of ICT's carbon footprint, excluding TV

(A) Andrae and Edler (2015): 2020 best case (total of 623 MtCO₂e).

(B) Belkhir and Elmeligi (2018): 2020 average (total of 1,207 MtCO₂e).

(C). Malmodin (2020): 2020 estimate (total of 690 MtCO₂e).

Andrae and Edler's³ best case is displayed because more recent analysis by the lead author suggest that this scenario is most realistic for 2020. Note that Malmodin's estimate of the share of user devices is highest; this is mostly because Malmodin's network and data center estimates are lower than those of the other studies.