Table 1. Clinical Findings Based on Severity of Infection.
| Characteristic | Patients, No. (%) | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No symptoms | Mild symptoms | Severe symptoms | No symptoms vs mild symptoms | No symptoms vs severe symptoms | Mild symptoms vs severe symptoms | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Effect size | 524 | 282 | 31 | |||
| Sex ratio (male to female) | 3.5 (407:117) | 1.1 (149:133) | 1.0 (16:15) | <.001 | .001 | >.99 |
| Age, median (IQR), ya | 34 (29-42) | 40 (33-49) | 46 (34-55) | <.001 | <.001 | .09 |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 35.7 (11.3) | 41.3 (12.5) | 46.1 (14.7) | <.001 | <.001 | .09 |
| Clinical symptomsb | ||||||
| ARDS | 0 | 0 | 31 (100) | NA | <.001 | <.001 |
| Influenzalike illness | 0 | 57 (20.2) | 0 | <.001 | NA | .01 |
| Fever | 0 | 36 (12.7) | 4 (12.9) | <.001 | <.001 | >.99 |
| Coughing | 0 | 37 (13.1) | 4 (12.9) | <.001 | <.001 | >.99 |
| Asthenia | 0 | 5 (1.8) | 1 (3.2) | <.001 | .05 | >.99 |
| Digestive signs (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) | 0 | 5 (1.8) | 0 | .15 | NA | >.99 |
| Anosmia | 0 | 10 (3.5) | 0 | <.001 | NA | .62 |
| Headache | 0 | 48 (17.0) | 0 | <.001 | NA | .007 |
| Dyspnea | 0 | 52 (18.4) | 0 | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 |
| Rhinitis | 0 | 2 (0.7) | 0 | .12 | NA | >.99 |
| Clinical parameters at admissiona | ||||||
| Body temperature, median (IQR), °C | 36.0 (36.0-36.0) | 37.0 (36.0-37.6) | 36.5 (36.0-37.2) | <.001 | .13 | .75 |
| Systolic blood pressure, median (IQR), mm Hg | 120.5 (115.5-130.8) | 124.0 (110.0-125.5) | 115.0 (107.5-122.5) | .90 | .40 | .50 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, median (IQR), mm Hg | 80.0 (72.8-90.0) | 80.0 (70.0-85.8) | 75.0 (67.5-82.5) | .07 | .60 | .70 |
| Heart rate, median (IQR), /min | 78.0 (73.0-91.0) | 80.0 (71.0-88.0) | 79.5 (63.0-85.8) | .85 | .99 | .81 |
| Oxygen saturation, median (IQR), % | 98.0 (98.0-99.0) | 98.0 (97.0-99.0) | 93.0 (91.0-94.0) | .19 | <.001 | |
| Antecedentb | ||||||
| Tobacco consumption | 3 (0.5) | 4 (1.4) | 1 (3.2) | >.99 | .37 | .40 |
| Alcohol consumption | 10 (3.5) | 19 (6.7) | 1 (3.2) | .18 | >.99 | .70 |
| Asthma | 4 (0.8) | 5 (1.8) | 1 (3.2) | .29 | .25 | .46 |
| Obesity | 0 | 5 (1.8) | 0 | .005 | NA | >.99 |
| Diabetes | 5 (2.0) | 11 (3.9) | 5 (16.1) | .006 | <.001 | .013 |
| Hypertension | 13 (2.5) | 23 (8.2) | 6 (19.4) | <.001 | <.001 | .05 |
| Pregnancy | 0 | 1 (0.004) | 0 | .05 | NA | >.99 |
| Tumor diseases | 0 | 1 (0.004) | 0 | .05 | NA | >.99 |
| HIV/AIDS | 0 | 1 (0.4) | 2 (6.4) | .35 | .003 | .02 |
| Positive thoracic scan (%)b | 0 | 0 | 0 (19.3) | NA | <.001 | NA |
| Isolation motives (%)b | ||||||
| Positive case | 473 (90.3) | 250 (88.5) | 28 (91.0) | .46 | >.99 | >.99 |
| Contact | 51 (9.7) | 32 (11.5) | 3 (9.0) | .46 | >.99 | >.99 |
| Place of infection (%)b | ||||||
| Workplace | 445 (84.9) | 217 (76.6) | 19 (61.2) | .006 | .001 | .07 |
| Home | 79 (15.1) | 47 (16.8) | 6 (19.3) | .54 | .45 | .80 |
| Transports | 0 | 18 (6.5) | 6 (19.3) | <.001 | <.001 | .02 |
Abbreviations: ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not applicable.
a
Numerical variable.
b
Categorical variable.