Table 4.

F₁-score and recall@20 of all embedding models in the International Classification of Diseases-10 Procedure Coding System.

Embedding model	Baseline F1-score	F1-score	Recall@20
Word to Vectors	0.278	0.580	0.850
Global Vectors	0.120	0.520	0.841
Embeddings from Language Models	0.547	0.557	0.874
Bidirectional encoder representations from transformers–based	0.618	0.611	0.880
Clinical bidirectional encoder representations from transformers model	0.596	0.615	0.887
Bidirectional encoder representations from transformers for biomedical text mining	0.611	0.613	0.880
Single Head Attention Recurrent Neural Network	0.269	0.527	0.879