TABLE 3.
Thrombolytic properties of traditional Indian medicinal plants
| Sr. No. | Plant name | Component | Thrombolytic activity | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Achyranthes bidentata | Achyranthes bidentata polypeptide k (ABPPk) from roots | Inhibited oxidative damage induced in endothelial cells of brain, enhanced the tissue factor activation, plasminogen activator inhibitor −1 and MMP‐2/9 activation | Q. Cheng et al., 2019 |
| 2. | Cinnamomum Cassia | Active compounds obtained from methanol extract of twigs | Cinnamic alcohol, methoxycinnamaldehyde, eugenol, coniferaldehyde, amygdalactone, and hydroxycinnamaldehyde effective in inhibition of platelet coagulation | Kim et al., 2010 |
| 3. | Curcuma longa | Aqueous extract | Clot lysis activity (32.94 ± 3.663%) | I. N. Khan et al., 2011 |
| 4. | Cydonia oblonga | Aqueous extract of leaves | Decreased plasma concentration of thromboxane B2 and increased 6‐keto‐prostaglandine F1α | Zhou et al., 2014 |
| 5. | Embelia Ribesm | Ethanol fruit extract |
Reduced adenosine diphosphate and thrombin‐induced platelet aggregation Inhibit malondialdehyde production |
Jagtap, Sancheti, & Phadke, 2012 |
| 6. | Glycyrrhiza glabra | Glycyrrhetinic acid | Inhibit factor Xa and platelet aggregation | Jiang, Wang, Shen, Xiao, & Li, 2014 |
| 7. | Justicia adhatoda | Methanolic leaves extract | Lysis of almost 80% clot | Shahriar 2013 |
| 8. | Momordica charantia | Seed extract | Role of seed extract in intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation cascade enhanced the clotting time of blood | Manjappa et al., 2015 |
| 9. | Tinospora cordifolia | Caps HT2, a herbal formulation | Inhibited platelet aggregation, increased the synthesis of lipoprotein lipase enzyme, and delaying calcification of plasma | Mary, Babu, & Padikkala, 2003 |
| 10. | Withania somnifera | Withaferin A (WFA) | Increased bleeding time in an in vivo and ex vivo, prevented PAI‐1 production induced by TNF‐α, decreased PAI‐1/t‐PA ratio significantly | Ku & Bae, 2014 |
| 11. | Zingiber officinale | Aqueous roots extract | Lowered serum PGE(2), TXB(2), decreased in serum cholesterol | Thomson et al., 2002 |
Abbreviations: ABPPk, Achyranthes bidentata polypeptide k; MMP‐2/9, Matrix metalloproteinase‐2/9; TNF‐α, Tumor necrosis factor alpha; PGE(2), Prostaglandin E2; TXB(2), Thromboxane B2.