TABLE 2.
Participant characteristics, including comparisons between those with and without chronic conditions
| Demographic variable | Entire sample (n = 2572) | No chronic conditions (n = 1146) | One or more chronic conditions (n = 1426) | p a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) or N (%) | Mean (SD) or N (%) | Mean (SD) or N (%) | ||
| Age (y) | 53.7 (16.8), range 18–90 | 50.3 (17.8), range 18–89 | 56.5 (15.3), range 18–90 | <.001 * 95% CI [−7.44, −4.86] |
| 18–29 | 299 (11.6%) | 202 (17.6%) | 97 (6.8%) | |
| 30–39 | 353 (13.7%) | 197 (17.2%) | 156 (10.9%) | |
| 40–49 | 330 (12.8%) | 143 (12.5%) | 187 (13.1%) | |
| 50–59 | 468 (18.2%) | 183 (16.0%) | 285 (20.0%) | |
| 60–69 | 629 (24.5%) | 229 (20.0%) | 400 (28.1%) | |
| 70–79 | 399 (15.5%) | 154 (13.4%) | 245 (17.2%) | |
| 80+ | 65 (2.5%) | 27 (2.4%) | 38 (2.7%) | |
| No response | 29 (1.1%) | 11 (1.0%) | 18 (1.3%) | |
| Gender | .273 | |||
| Woman | 1919 (74.6%) | 876 (76.4%) | 1043 (73.1%) | |
| Man | 596 (23.2%) | 246 (21.5%) | 350 (24.5%) | |
| Non–binary | 27 (1.0%) | 13 (1.1%) | 14 (1.0%) | |
| Transgender man | 6 (0.2%) | 2 (0.2%) | 4 (0.3%) | |
| Transgender woman | 3 (0.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (0.2%) | |
| Other/prefer not to say/no response | 21 (0.8%) | 9 (0.8%) | 12 (0.9%) | |
| Race | .247 | |||
| White | 2246 (87.3%) | 983 (85.8%) | 1263 (88.6%) | |
| More than one race | 107 (4.2%) | 50 (4.4%) | 57 (4.0%) | |
| Black or African American | 69 (2.7%) | 24 (2.1%) | 45 (3.2%) | |
| Asian | 65 (2.5%) | 48 (4.2%) | 17 (1.2%) | |
| Other | 38 (1.5%) | 19 (1.7%) | 19 (1.3%) | |
| Prefer not to say | 33 (1.3%) | 16 (1.4%) | 17 (1.2%) | |
| American Indian/Alaskan Native | 10 (0.4%) | 3 (0.3%) | 7 (0.5%) | |
| No response | 4 (0.2%) | 3 (0.3%) | 1 (0.1%) | |
| Ethnicity | .265 | |||
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 2372 (92.2%) | 1059 (92.4%) | 1313 (92.1%) | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 90 (3.5%) | 49 (4.3%) | 41 (2.9%) | |
| No response | 59 (2.3%) | 14 (1.2%) | 45 (3.2%) | |
| Prefer not to say | 38 (1.5%) | 19 (1.7%) | 19 (1.3%) | |
| Unknown | 13 (0.5%) | 5 (0.4%) | 8 (0.6%) | |
| Employment | <.001* | |||
| Employed full‐time | 965 (37.5%) | 529 (46.2%) | 436 (30.6%) | |
| Retired | 790 (30.7%) | 285 (24.9%) | 505 (35.4%) | |
| Unable to work | 250 (9.7%) | 36 (3.1%) | 214 (15.0%) | |
| Employed part‐time | 217 (8.4%) | 107 (9.3%) | 110 (7.7%) | |
| Unemployed due to COVID‐19 | 143 (5.6%) | 71 (6.2%) | 72 (5.0%) | |
| Unemployed unrelated to COVID‐19 | 100 (3.9%) | 50 (4.4%) | 50 (3.5%) | |
| Student | 99 (3.8%) | 66 (5.8%) | 33 (2.3%) | |
| No response | 8 (0.3%) | 2 (0.2%) | 6 (0.4%) | |
| Education | <.001 * | |||
| Ninth grade or less | 2 (0.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (0.1%) | |
| 10th–12 grade | 8 (0.3%) | 2 (0.2%) | 6 (0.4%) | |
| High school graduate or GED | 78 (3.0%) | 28 (2.4%) | 50 (3.5%) | |
| Vocational or Technical School | 98 (3.8%) | 36 (3.1%) | 62 (4.3%) | |
| Some college | 437 (17.0%) | 162 (14.1%) | 275 (19.3%) | |
| College graduate | 905 (35.2%) | 387 (33.8%) | 518 (36.3%) | |
| Graduate or professional school | 1035 (40.2%) | 527 (46.0%) | 508 (35.6%) | |
| No response | 9 (0.3%) | 4 (0.3%) | 5 (0.4%) | |
| Marital status | <.001 * | |||
| Married | 1271 (49.4%) | 532 (46.4%) | 739 (51.8%) | |
| Never Married | 581 (22.6%) | 320 (27.9%) | 261 (18.3%) | |
| Divorced | 412 (16.0%) | 172 (15.0%) | 240 (16.8%) | |
| Domestic partner | 134 (5.2%) | 63 (5.5%) | 71 (5.0%) | |
| Widowed | 126 (4.9%) | 42 (3.7%) | 84 (5.9%) | |
| Legally Separated | 31 (1.2%) | 11 (1.0%) | 20 (1.4%) | |
| Annulled | 8 (0.3%) | 4 (0.3%) | 4 (0.3%) | |
| No response | 9 (0.3%) | 2 (0.2%) | 7 (0.5%) | |
| COVID‐19 symptoms | .069 | |||
| Yes | 645 (25.1%) | 308 (26.9%) | 337 (23.8%) | |
| No | 1918 (74.6%) | 837 (73.1%) | 1081 (76.2%) | |
| No response | 9 (0.3%) | 1 (0.1%) | 8 (0.6%) | |
| COVID‐19 test | .247 | |||
| I have been tested. | 153 (5.9%) | 56 (4.9%) | 97 (6.8%) | |
| I have not tried to get tested. | 2113 (82.2%) | 946 (82.5%) | 1167 (81.8%) | |
| I tried to get tested and was unable to. | 108 (4.2%) | 45 (3.9%) | 63 (4.4%) | |
| I have an appointment to get tested. | 25 (1.0%) | 11 (1.0%) | 14 (1.0%) | |
| No response | 173 (6.7%) | 88 (7.7%) | 85 (6.0%) | |
| COVID‐19 test result | .673 | |||
| Positive for COVID‐19 | 9 (0.3%) | 4 (0.3%) | 5 (0.4%) | |
| Negative for COVID‐19 | 139 (5.4%) | 51 (4.5%) | 88 (6.2%) | |
| Waiting on result | 24 (0.9%) | 7 (0.6%) | 17 (1.2%) | |
| No response | 6 (0.2%) | 5 (0.4%) | 1 (0.0%) | |
| Not applicable | 2394 (93.1%) | 1079 (94.1%) | 1315 (92.2%) |
*
Value significant at p < .01.
a
t‐tests were conducted for continuous variables and chi‐squared tests were conducted for categorical variables. p Values pertain to comparisons between those with none or one or more chronic conditions.