TABLE 1.

Summary of codes for defining BER as a field

Code	Definition
Biology	Mentions the field of biology
Learners	Investigates the role of students (or learners) in their own education and assesses factors that shape their learning
Classroom	Investigates classroom practices to aid in student learning
Scholarship	Applies scientific method to BER to investigate what works and what does not in education
Interdisciplinary (interdisc)	Utilizes frameworks or methodologies from other disciplines to enhance BER
Instructors	Investigates the role of instructors in biology education
Barriers	Investigates factors that may negatively impact student learning or academic performance
Inclusion	Makes education more accessible and inclusive to everyone regardless of background
Knowledge	Seeks to determine or identify research methods to determine the extent of students’ current knowledge