Table 2.
The Baseline Characteristics of the Adherent and Nonadherent Groups.
| Variables | Total (n = 46) | Adherent (n = 28) | Nonadherent (n = 18) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 44.1 (15.0) | 45.8 (14.5) | 41.5 (15.9) | .356 |
| Female, % | 73.9 | 67.9 | 83.3 | .243 |
| Diabetes duration, y | 18.8 (13.6) | 19.1 (11.7) | 18.3 (16.5) | .849 |
| CSII, y | 3.7 (2.4) | 4.3 (2.3) | 2.7 (2.4) | .028* |
| Model of insulin pump | ||||
| Paradigm 712 | 2 | 2 | 0 | .231 |
| Paradigm 722 | 30 | 20 | 10 | |
| MiniMed 620G | 14 | 6 | 8 | |
| Retinopathy | ||||
| None | 30 | 15 | 15 | .029* |
| Background retinopathy | 9 | 7 | 2 | |
| Pre-proliferative retinopathy | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Proliferative retinopathy | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Post-photocoagulation | 6 | 6 | 0 | |
| Nephropathy | ||||
| None | 40 | 24 | 16 | .354 |
| Microalbuminuria | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
| Macroalbuminuria | 3 | 3 | 0 | |
| Renal failure | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| ESRD | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| HbA1c, % | 7.7 (1.0) | 7.8 (0.9) | 7.5 (1.1) | .270 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.7 (2.8) | 22.7 (2.6) | 22.8 (3.2) | .858 |
| SBP, mmHg | 118 (13) | 117 (14) | 120 (13) | .440 |
| DBP, mmHg | 72 (10) | 71 (10) | 73 (12) | .605 |
| TDD, units/day | 36.1 (13.8) | 37.3 (12.8) | 34.3 (15.4) | .483 |
| TBD/TDD, % | 33.8 (12.4) | 34.8 (13.4) | 32.2 (11.0) | .493 |
| Frequency of SMBG, times/day | 4.8 (1.8) | 5.1 (1.9) | 4.5 (1.5) | .299 |
| Coverage by social security, % | 8.7 | 7.1 | 11.1 | .639 |
| Status of employment | ||||
| Full-time employment | 16 | 10 | 6 | .791 |
| Part-time employment | 11 | 7 | 4 | |
| Student | 3 | 2 | 1 | |
| Homemaker | 9 | 6 | 3 | |
| Pensioner | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
| Unemployed | 4 | 1 | 3 | |
| Possession of driving license | ||||
| Yes | 38 | 23 | 15 | >.999 |
| No | 7 | 4 | 3 | |
| Driving mileage, km/y | ||||
| ≤3000 | 20 | 12 | 8 | .648 |
| 3001-5000 | 10 | 5 | 5 | |
| 5001-10 000 | 3 | 2 | 1 | |
| 10 001-15 000 | 2 | 0 | 2 | |
| ≥15 000 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
| Income (million yen/y), % | ||||
| <2 | 6 | 4 | 2 | .743 |
| 2-6 | 27 | 15 | 12 | |
| ≥6 | 10 | 7 | 3 | |
| History of severe hypoglycemia within one year, % | 13.3 | 11.5 | 16.7 | .676 |
| Frequency of self-reported hypoglycemia (<70 mg/dL) per month | 7.0 (4.0, 13.5) | 5.0 (4.0, 15.0) | 8.5 (4.0, 10.0) | .860 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CSII, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; SMBG, self-monitoring of blood glucose; TBD, total daily basal insulin dose; TDD, total daily insulin dose.
Data are presented as the number, percentage or mean (SD), median (25%, 75%), as indicated.
*
P < .05.