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. 2021 Sep 15;22:187. doi: 10.1186/s12875-021-01527-4

Table 3.

Characteristics of the patient sample

Number Percent
Gender a Female 200 57.8
Male 135 39.0
Age b ≤ 60 years 164 47.4
> 60 years 165 47.7
Employment status c Not working 166 48.0
Working 166 48.0
Education level d Low 144 41.6
Moderate 89 25.7
High 102 29.5
Migration background e No Migration background 253 73.1
With migration background 77 22.3
Number of chronic diseases f None 21 6.1
1 101 29.2
2 98 28.3
3 or more 121 35.0
Chronic diseases f Cardiovascular disease 183 53.7
Back pain 150 44.0

Depression or other

Mental disorders

84 24.6
Diabetes 82 24.0
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 56 16.4
Cancer 36 10.6
Rheumatism 35 10.3
Stroke 16 4.7
Chronic kidney disease 6 1.8
Other 101 29.6
n Mean SD Min Max
Age b 329 57.9 16.4 19 89
ASKU Score g, * [1=low to 5=high] 341 3.9 0.8 1 5
HLS-EU-16 Score** [0=low/no HL to 16=high HL] 293 12.2 3.3 1 16

Missing data: a 11, b 17, c 14, d 11, e 16, f 5, g 5

*The ASKU score is calculated by taking the mean of the three items

**Patient self-reported, only includes respondents with at least 14 valid answers