Extended Data Fig. 9 |. Tail rattling and running scales with arousal.

Refers to Figs. 4 and 5. a, b, Mice in which ChR2 had been injected into the vMT were divided into three groups based on the extent to which vMT activation increased arousal responses: low, moderate or high (n = 7, n = 9 and n = 10 mice, respectively). Mice with high arousal had significantly more tail-rattling (a) and running (b) events in response to looming, as compared to mice with low arousal (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001). c, d, Mice with high arousal spent similar amounts of time freezing (c) and hiding (d) in response to looming, as compared to mice with low arousal. e, f, 100% of mice with high arousal tail-rattled (e) and ran (f) in response to looming, whereas only 33% and 20% of mice with low arousal tail-rattled and ran, respectively. g, h, Similar numbers of mice with high arousal froze (g) and hid (h) in response to looming as compared to mice with low arousal. Data are mean ± s.e.m. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; NS, not significant. See Supplementary Table 1 for statistical analysis and sample sizes.