Table 1.
Demographics and baseline characteristics of patients included in the study.
| Demographic characteristics | Controls | Moderate | Severe | p -value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 17 ) | (n = 30) | (n = 30) | ||
| Age, years | 54,7 ± 19,7 | 47,7 ± 16,2 | 59,1 ± 15,9 | 0,0445* |
| Gender | 7M/10F | 7M/23F | 11M/19F | |
| Body mass index | 25,09 ± 3,6 | 27,8 ± 4,7 | 31,6 ± 4,9 | 0,0228*, 0,0001# |
| SpO2 at admission (%) | 97 ± 1,5 | 95 ± 1,9 | 89,9 ± 5,3 | <0,0001*, <0,0001# |
| Respiratory rate (breaths per min) | 18 ± 2 | 20 ± 2 | 25 ± 6 | <0,0001*, <0,0001# |
| Before admission to the hospital, days | 0 | 9,1 ± 6 | 9 ± 3,6 | ns |
| Admission to the ICU, days | 0 | 0 | 15 | |
| Oxygen support (n,%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 15 (50%) | |
| Deaths (n,%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (13%) | |
| Symptoms at admission | ||||
| Fever (n,%) | ||||
| >38°C | 0 (0) | 17 (56%) | 22 (73%) | |
| <38°C | 0 (0) | 4 (13%) | 1 (3%) | |
| Cough (n,%) | 0 (0) | 19 (63%) | 16 (53%) | |
| Fatigue (n,%) | 0 (0) | 24 (80%) | 25 (83%) | |
| Shortness of breath (n,%) | 0 (0) | 16 (53%) | 23 (76%) | |
| Anosmia (n,%) | 0 (0) | 17 (56%) | 9 (30%) | |
| Chest pain (n,%) | 0 (0) | 14 (46%) | 12 (40%) | |
| Headache (n,%) | 0 (0) | 16 (53%) | 12 (40%) | |
| Myalgia (n,%) | 0 (0) | 10 (33%) | 8 (26%) | |
| Rhinorrhea (n,%) | 0 (0) | 7 (23%) | 10 (33%) | |
| Throat pain (n,%) | 0 (0) | 6 (20%) | 6 (20%) | |
| Diarrhea (n,%) | 0 (0) | 5 (16%) | 6 (20%) | |
| Hemoptysis (n,%) | 0 (0) | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Any comorbidity (n,%) | 7 (41%) | 18 (60%) | 25 (83%) | |
| Hypertension (n,%) | 4 (23%) | 16 (53%) | 24 (80%) | |
| Diabetes (n,%) | 1 (6%) | 1 (3%) | 13 (43%) | |
| Cardiovascular disease (n,%) | 3 (17%) | 4 (13%) | 14 (46%) | |
| Malignancy (n,%) | 0 (0) | 4 (13%) | 5 (16%) | |
| Stroke (n,%) | 0 (0) | 1 (3%) | 3 (10%) | |
| Chronic lung diseases (n,%) | 0 (0) | 2 (6%) | 2 (6%) | |
| Arrhythmia (n,%) | 0 (0) | 4 (13%) | 1 (3%) | |
| Rheumatoid arthritis (n,%) | 1 (6%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3%) | |
| Smoking (n,%) | 1 (6%) | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%) | |
*between moderate and severe, #between controls and severe.
The information on the patients included in the study is provided. The number (n) of the patients in each group is provided with description of their symptoms at admission and comorbidities. For demographic characteristics data are presented as median ± standard deviation. P values comparing the groups of healthy controls, moderate and severe cases are produced by comparison of the data for normal (Gaussian) distribution (alpha = 0.05) using D’Agostino & Pearson test. The normally distributed data were analyzed by the one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. The data, which were not normally distributed, were analyzed by an ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s test for multiple comparisons, ns stands for nonsignificantly different values.