Table 2.
Characteristics of HIV-negative, heterosexual women who use methamphetamine by lifetime IPV experiences in San Diego, CA (N=209)
| Baseline Characteristics | IPV (n=138) n (%) | No IPV (n=71) n (%) | Total (n=209) n (%) | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographics | |||||
| Median age (IQR) | 36.7 (30,43) | 35.8 (27,44) | 36 (29,43) | 1.01 (0.98-1.04) | 0.61 |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| White | 54 (39.1) | 23 (32.4) | 77 (36.8) | Ref | 0.14 |
| African American/Black | 46 (33.3) | 30 (42.3) | 76 (36.4) | 0.65 (0.33-1.28) | |
| Hispanic/Latina | 30 (14.4) | 15 (21.1) | 45 (21.5) | 0.85 (0.39-1.88) | |
| Asian or Pacific Islander/Other | 8 (3.8) | 3 (4.2) | 11 (5.3) | 1.14 (0.28-4.67) | |
| Children ≤ 18 years | 79 (57.3) | 33 (46.5) | 112 (53.6) | 1.54 (0.87-2.74) | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Never married | 62 (44.9) | 38 (53.5) | 100 (47.9) | Ref | 0.08 |
| Married | 11 (8.0) | 11 (15.5) | 22 (10.5) | 0.61 (0.24-1.55) | |
| Separated/filing for divorce | 23 (16.7) | 10 (14.1) | 33 (15.8) | 1.41 (0.61-3.28) | |
| Divorced/widowed | 42 (30.4) | 12 (16.9) | 54 (25.8) | 2.15 (1.01-4.58) | |
| Current Living situation | |||||
| Living w/spouse or steady partner | 28 (20.3) | 14 (19.7) | 42 (20.1) | Ref | 0.73 |
| Living w/another adult (non-sexual partner) | 46 (33.3) | 30 (42.3) | 76 (36.4) | 0.69 (0.36-1.35) | |
| Living alone | 19 (13.8) | 7 (9.9) | 26 (12.4) | 1.23 (0.46-3.31) | |
| Homeless | 20 (14.5) | 10 (14.1) | 30 (14.4) | 0.91 (0.37-2.23) | |
| Education | |||||
| <High school diploma/GED | 39 (28.3) | 21 (29.6) | 60 (28.7) | Ref | 0.41 |
| High school diploma/GED | 46 (33.3) | 29 (40.9) | 75 (35.9) | 0.85 (0.42-1.73) | |
| Some college or more | 53 (38.4) | 21 (29.6) | 74 (35.4) | 1.36 (0.65-2.83) | |
| Currently unemployed | 109 (79.0) | 58 (81.7) | 167 (79.9) | 1.19 (0.57–2.46) | 0.64 |
| Annual Income | |||||
| <$10,000-$19,000 | 126 (91.3) | 63 (88.7) | 189 (90.4) | Ref | 0.55 |
| ≥$20,000 | 12 (8.7) | 8 (11.3) | 20 (9.6) | 0.75 (0.29–1.93) | |
| Ever Convicted of a Felony | 67 (48.6) | 38 (53.5) | 105 (50.2) | 0.82 (0.46-1.45) | 0.50 |
| Substance Use | |||||
| Median age of methamphetamine use initiation (IQR) | 18 (16,23) | 18 (14,22) | 18 (15,23) | 1.02 (0.98-1.06) | 0.27 |
| Median years of methamphetamine use (IQR) | 16 (10,24) | 17 (9,24) | 16 (10,24) | 1.00 (0.97-1.03) | 0.95 |
| Median number of days of methamphetamine use in past month (IQR) | 15 (6,23) | 12 (5,20) | 15 (6,22) | 1.02 (0.99-1.05) | 0.27 |
| Median number of most days in a row when methamphetamine was used in past month (IQR) | 6 (3,20) | 5 (3,19) | 5 (3,20) | 1.01 (0.98-1.04) | 0.43 |
| Binge use of methamphetamine | 66 (47.8) | 37 (52.1) | 103 (49.3) | 0.84 (0.48-1.49) | 0.56 |
| Primary method of methamphetamine use | |||||
| Snort | 8 (5.8) | 3 (4.2) | 11 (5.3) | Ref | 0.08 |
| Smoke | 122 (88.4) | 56 (78.9) | 178 (85.2) | 1.22 (0.31–4.79) | |
| Inject | 8 (5.8) | 10 (14.1) | 18 (8.6) | 0.37 (0.14-0.98) | |
| Eat/drink or other | 0 (0) | 2 (2.8) | 2 (1.0) | --- | |
| Injection drug use in past 2 months | 29 (21.0) | 18 (25.4) | 47 (22.5) | 0.78 (0.40-1.54) | 0.48 |
| Sexual Risk Behaviors | |||||
| Exchange sex partner in past 2 months | 49 (35.5) | 25 (35.2) | 74 (35.4) | 1.01 (0.56-1.84) | 0.97 |
| Casual sex partner in past 2 months | 94 (68.1) | 44 (62.0) | 138 (66.0) | 1.31 (0.72-2.38) | 0.37 |
| Anonymous sex partner in past 2 months | 31 (29.7) | 13 (18.3) | 54 (25.8) | 1.89 (0.93-3.81) | 0.07 |
| 2+ sex partners in past 2 months | 81 (58.7) | 43 (60.6) | 124 (59.3) | 0.93 (0.52-1.66) | 0.79 |
| Sex w/HIV + partner in past 2 months | 90 (65.2) | 40 (56.3) | 130 (62.2) | 1.45 (0.81-2.61) | 0.21 |
| Unprotected vaginal/anal sex with steady partner in past 2 months | 117 (90.0) | 54 (79.4) | 171 (86.4) | 2.33 (1.03-5.30) | 0.04 |
| Unprotected vaginal/anal sex with casual or anonymous partner in past 2 months | 107 (82.3) | 60 (88.2) | 167 (84.3) | 0.62 (0.26-1.47) | 0.28 |
| High on methamphetamine during unprotected sex w/steady partner | 74 (63.8) | 25 (42.4) | 99 (56.5) | 2.40 (1.26-4.55) | 0.01 |
| High on methamphetamine during unprotected sex w/casual or anonymous partner | 81 (79.4) | 33 (73.3) | 114 (77.6) | 1.40 (0.62-3.17) | 0.42 |
| Exchange sex for methamphetamine | 49 (35.5) | 19 (26.8) | 68 (32.5) | 1.51 (0.80-2.83) | 0.20 |
| Lifetime STD | 22 (15.9) | 12 (16.9) | 34 (16.3) | 0.93 (0.43-2.01) | 0.86 |
| Median age at first forced sex (IQR) | 16 (12,20) | 12 (8,16) | 14.5(11,19) | 1.09 (1.02-1.17) | 0.01 |
IPV, intimate partner violence; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range; STD, sexually transmitted disease