TABLE 1. WHO estimated mortality rates attributed to exposure to ambient and household air pollution; unsafe water, sanitation, and hygiene services; and unintentional poisoning in the Americas (annual average and 95% confidence interval).
|
Country |
Mortality rate attributed to exposure to ambient and household air pollution (per 100 000 population, age-standardized), 2016 |
Mortality rate attributed to exposure to unsafe water, sanitation, and hygiene services (per 100 000 population), 2016 |
Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning (per 100 000 population), 2019 |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Both sexes |
Male |
Female |
Both sexes |
Male |
Female |
Both sexes |
Male |
Female |
|
|
Antigua and Barbuda |
30 (25, 36) |
37 (31, 44) |
24 (20, 29) |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.7 (0.5, 1.0) |
1.4 (0.9, 1.9) |
0.2 (0.1, 0.2) |
|
Argentina |
27 (20, 35) |
36 (27, 47) |
20 (14, 27) |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.4 (0.3, 0.6) |
0.5 (0.4, 0.8) |
0.3 (0.2, 0.4) |
|
Bahamas |
20 (17, 24) |
26 (22, 30) |
15 (12, 19) |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.2 (0.1, 0.2) |
0.2 (0.2, 0.4) |
0.1 (0.1, 0.1) |
|
Barbados |
31 (25, 37) |
39 (32, 46) |
25 (20, 31) |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.7 (0.5, 1.0) |
0.8 (0.5, 1.2) |
0.6 (0.4, 0.9) |
|
Belize |
69 (57, 81) |
83 (68, 98) |
55 (45, 65) |
1.0 |
1.0 |
0.9 |
0.4 (0.2, 0.5) |
0.5 (0.3, 0.7) |
0.2 (0.2, 0.3) |
|
Bolivia (Plurinational State of) |
64 (53, 76) |
72 (60, 86) |
56 (46, 66) |
5.6 |
6.2 |
4.9 |
0.6 (0.2, 1.1) |
0.6 (0.3, 1.3) |
0.5 (0.2, 1.0) |
|
Brazil |
30 (24, 39) |
37 (30, 49) |
24 (19, 32) |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.1 |
0.1 (0.1, 0.2) |
0.2 (0.2, 0.2) |
0.1 (0.1, 0.1) |
|
Canada |
7 (5, 10) |
9 (6, 12) |
5 (3, 8) |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.3 (0.2, 0.4) |
0.4 (0.3, 0.5) |
0.3 (0.2, 0.3) |
|
Chile |
25 (19, 34) |
33 (25, 44) |
19 (14, 27) |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.4 (0.2, 0.5) |
0.5 (0.3, 0.7) |
0.2 (0.2, 0.3) |
|
Colombia |
37 (29, 47) |
45 (36, 57) |
30 (23, 38) |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.8 |
0.1 (0.1, 0.2) |
0.2 (0.1, 0.3) |
0.1 (0.0, 0.1) |
|
Costa Rica |
23 (18, 29) |
29 (23, 36) |
18 (14, 24) |
0.9 |
0.7 |
1.0 |
0.1 (0.1, 0.1) |
0.1 (0.1, 0.2) |
0.1 (0.1, 0.1) |
|
Cuba |
50 (27, 96) |
58 (33, 112) |
42 (22, 83) |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
0.2 (0.1, 0.2) |
0.2 (0.1, 0.3) |
0.1 (0.1, 0.1) |
|
Dominican Republic |
43 (34, 53) |
50 (40, 61) |
36 (28, 45) |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
0.4 (0.2, 0.9) |
0.5 (0.2, 1.1) |
0.3 (0.1, 0.7) |
|
Ecuador |
25 (18, 34) |
29 (21, 40) |
21 (15, 29) |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
0.3 (0.2, 0.5) |
0.4 (0.3, 0.7) |
0.2 (0.1, 0.4) |
|
El Salvador |
42 (32, 52) |
51 (40, 63) |
35 (27, 44) |
2.0 |
2.4 |
1.6 |
0.2 (0.1, 0.4) |
0.4 (0.2, 0.7) |
0.1 (0.1, 0.2) |
|
Grenada |
45 (37, 58) |
52 (43, 63) |
39 (31, 51) |
0.3 |
0.7 |
<0.1 |
0.1 (0.1, 0.1) |
0.0 (0.0, 0.0) |
0.1 (0.1, 0.2) |
|
Guatemala |
74 (65, 83) |
81 (70, 92) |
68 (60, 76) |
6.3 |
6.6 |
6.0 |
1.6 (1.0, 2.3) |
2.3 (1.5, 3.3) |
0.9 (0.6, 1.3) |
|
Guyana |
108 (88, 128) |
117 (97, 140) |
98 (80, 118) |
3.6 |
4.1 |
3.2 |
0.1 (0.0, 0.1) |
0.1 (0.0, 0.1) |
0.1 (0.0, 0.1) |
|
Haiti |
184 (170, 198) |
198 (180, 214) |
172 (159, 185) |
23.8 |
27.5 |
20.1 |
1.4 (0.4, 4.1) |
1.9 (0.6, 6.5) |
0.8 (0.2, 1.8) |
|
Honduras |
61 (51, 70) |
76 (64, 87) |
48 (40, 55) |
3.6 |
3.4 |
3.8 |
0.5 (0.2, 1.0) |
0.8 (0.3, 1.7) |
0.1 (0.0, 0.2) |
|
Jamaica |
25 (19, 34) |
30 (22, 40) |
21 (15, 29) |
0.6 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.1 (0.0, 0.1) |
0.1 (0.1, 0.1) |
0.1 (0.0, 0.1) |
|
Mexico |
37 (31, 43) |
44 (37, 52) |
30 (25, 36) |
1.1 |
1.0 |
1.1 |
0.4 (0.3, 0.5) |
0.6 (0.4, 0.7) |
0.3 (0.2, 0.3) |
|
Nicaragua |
56 (48, 63) |
63 (54, 72) |
50 (43, 57) |
1.9 |
2.1 |
1.7 |
0.3 (0.1, 0.5) |
0.4 (0.2, 0.7) |
0.2 (0.1, 0.3) |
|
Panama |
26 (20, 33) |
31 (24, 40) |
21 (15, 27) |
2.2 |
2.4 |
2.0 |
0.1 (0.1, 0.1) |
0.1 (0.1, 0.2) |
0.1 (0.0, 0.1) |
|
Paraguay |
57 (47, 67) |
66 (54, 79) |
49 (40, 58) |
1.5 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
0.2 (0.1, 0.4) |
0.3 (0.1, 0.5) |
0.1 (0.1, 0.3) |
|
Peru |
64 (52, 75) |
74 (61, 88) |
55 (45, 65) |
1.3 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
0.4 (0.2, 0.7) |
0.5 (0.2, 0.9) |
0.3 (0.1, 0.5) |
|
Saint Lucia |
30 (25, 36) |
36 (30, 43) |
25 (20, 31) |
0.6 |
1.0 |
0.3 |
0.1 (0.1, 0.2) |
0.2 (0.1, 0.3) |
0.1 (0.1, 0.1) |
|
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |
48 (38, 60) |
56 (46, 69) |
40 (31, 51) |
1.3 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
0.0 (0.0, 0.0) |
0.0 (0.0, 0.0) |
0.0 (0.0, 0.0) |
|
Suriname |
57 (47, 68) |
74 (62, 88) |
42 (35, 51) |
2.0 |
2.1 |
2.0 |
0.3 (0.1, 0.6) |
0.3 (0.1, 0.8) |
0.3 (0.1, 0.5) |
|
Trinidad and Tobago |
39 (33, 45) |
49 (42, 56) |
30 (25, 36) |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.1 (0.1, 0.2) |
0.1 (0.1, 0.2) |
0.1 (0.0, 0.1) |
|
United States of America |
13 (10, 18) |
17 (12, 21) |
10 (7, 15) |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.5 (0.4, 0.6) |
0.7 (0.6, 0.7) |
0.3 (0.3, 0.4) |
|
Uruguay |
18 (13, 24) |
25 (19, 34) |
12 (9, 18) |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.5 (0.3, 0.7) |
0.6 (0.4, 0.8) |
0.4 (0.3, 0.5) |
|
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) |
35 (28, 43) |
45 (37, 55) |
26 (21, 33) |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
0.2 (0.1, 0.4) |
0.3 (0.2, 0.5) |
0.2 (0.1, 0.3) |
Source: Prepared by the authors using publicly available data from the WHO Global Health Observatory (https://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.sdg.3-9-data-ctry?lang=en).