Table 1.

Comparison of mean ± SD for performance, underwater and spatio-temporal parameters among the world finalists (WORLD) vs. French swimmers under 50 s (UND50) vs. French swimmers upper to 50 s (UP50) during the 100 m freestyle.

		Performance		Underwater parameters			Spatio-temporal parameters
Group		Total time (s)	Total underwater distance (m)	Mean underwater time (s)	Mean underwater speed (m/s)	Non-swimming time (%)	Mean stroke rate (c/min)	Mean stroke length (m/c)	Total stroke count
WORLD	Mean	46.10	37.50	14.71	2.54	39.11	53.32	2.27	53.38
	SD	0.40	4.92	2.10	0.05	4.73	2.54	0.13	3.62
UND50	Mean	49.24***	31.90*	13.02	2.46*	34.21*	50.46**	2.27	58.14**
	SD	0.59	4.88	2.29	0.09	4.55	2.39	0.11	4.23
UP50	Mean	50.91***###	31.94**	13.50	2.38**##	33.94**	50.70*	2.19#	60.52**
	SD	0.73	4.93	2.45	0.11	5.00	3.03	0.14	5.91

Significant difference between WORLD vs. UND50 and WORLD vs. UP50: ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, and ^***p < 0.001. Significant difference between UND50 vs. UP50: ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, and ^###p < 0.001.