Table 4.

Quantification of metabolites (g/100g of muscle) from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis of muscle longissimus thoracis from lambs fed increased levels of yerba mate extract in the diet

Metabolites	Yerba mate extract					P-value2
	0%	1%	2%	4%	MSE1	Lin	Quad
Quantification of metabolites
Based on chemical classification, mg 100 g−1 of muscle
Amino acids3	1,090.5	1,209.4	1,084.8	1,111.6	37.0	0.70	0.49
Organic acids4	709.7	736.7	660.7	662.1	24.1	0.06	0.88
Sugars5	321.1	323.4	290.1	358.2	18.1	0.18	0.07
Nucleotide and nucleoside6	245.4	300.5	242.2	269.8	20.5	0.84	0.78
Others7	41.4	46.2	39.7	42.9	1.7	0.90	0.93
Based on biological function, mg 100g−1 of muscle
Antioxidant function or related8	421.7	462.4	427.0	411.6	18.8	0.36	0.29
Protein synthesis or related9	31.3	37.9	29.6	32.5	3.2	0.78	0.88
Metabolism of energy or related10	461.2	528.1	487.5	474.6	31.9	0.89	0.32
Maintenance, growth, reproduction, and immunity, or related11	24.1	31.5	23.6	28.2	2.1	0.56	0.84
Visual/flavor aspects of meat, or related12	726.6	743.9	690.6	681.4	21.3	0.06	0.98
Relative proportion
Based on chemical classification, %
Amino acids3	46.47	46.32	45.62	44.57	0.94	0.13	0.86
Organic acids4	28.49	28.17	27.68	26.16	0.74	0.02	0.67
Sugars5	13.30	12.28	12.47	14.99	0.71	0.05	0.05
Nucleotide and nucleoside6	10.47	11.45	11.45	11.10	0.44	0.47	0.13
Others7	1.71	1.78	1.69	1.70	0.08	0.68	0.85
Based on biological function, %
Antioxidant function or related8	18.47	17.67	17.57	16.13	0.61	0.01	0.87
Protein synthesis or related9	1.28	1.44	1.12	1.28	0.11	0.62	0.64
Metabolism of energy or related10	18.69	20.15	20.24	18.93	0.84	0.95	0.12
Maintenance, growth, reproduction, and immunity, or related11	1.00	1.21	0.90	1.12	0.08	0.70	0.62
Visual/flavor aspects of meat, or related12	29.00	28.46	28.26	26.85	0.61	0.02	0.73

¹MSE, mean square error.

²Values from orthogonal contrast (linear and quadratic) are significantly different if P ≤ 0.05 and tendency if 0.05 < P ≤ 0.10.

³Sum of tyrosine, creatinine, anserine, glutathione, glycine, betaine, l-carnitine, β-alanine, methionine, l-glutamine, proline, l-arginine, l-alanine, l-threonine, l-valine, l-leucine, and l-isoleucine.

⁴Sum of fumarate, l-lactate, citrate, succinate, acetate, and methylmalonate.

⁵Sum of glucose and glucose-6-phosphate.

⁶Sum of adenosine and inosine.

⁷Sum of glycerol and choline.

⁸Sum of anserine, β-alanine, betaine, and glutathione

⁹Sum of l-isoleucine, leucine, l-threonine, tyrosine, and l-valine

¹⁰Sum of l-alanine, adenosine triphosphate, l-carnitine, glucose, glycerol, methylmalonate, and glycine.

¹¹Sum of l-arginine and l-glutamine.

¹²Sum of lactate and inosine.