Table 2.

Predictors of treatment response in LLD

Predictors of Treatment Response		Role	Study
Biologic predictors	Serotonin transporter	S allele increases treatment resistance	Lotrich et al,110 2008
	REM sleep latency	Decreased REM sleep latency correlates with poor response	Reynolds et al,102 1991
	Glucose cerebral metabolism	Reduced glucose metabolism in ACC and mPFC correlated with better response	Smith et al,103 1999
	Increased metabolism in ACC	Predicts response to rTMS in vascular depression	Narushima et al,81 2010
Clinical predictors	Medical burden	Greater medical burden predicted slower recovery	Dew et al,41 2007
	Early symptom improvement	Predicted faster response	Mulsant et al,104 2006
	Age of onset of first episode	Younger age at onset predicted poorer response	Dew et al,78 1997
	Sleep disturbances	Baseline sleep disturbance predicted poorer response	Reynolds et al,102 1991 Dew et al,78 1997
	Baseline HDRS scores	Higher score correlated with slower response	Gildengers et al,105 2005
	Baseline anxiety	Increased baseline anxiety correlated with slower response	Andreescu et al,45 2007
	Suicidal ideation	Baseline suicidal ideation correlated with longer time to response	Szanto et al,106 2003
	Response to previous antidepressant treatment	Poor previous antidepressant response correlated with decrease rate of response	Tew et al,107 2006
Psychosocial predictors	Social support	Poor social support and poor family support correlated with poor response	Dew et al,78,108 1997 Martire et al,108 2007
	Social inequalities	Low income correlated with poorer response	Cohen et al,109 2006
	Self-esteem	Higher self-esteem correlated with faster response	Gildengers et al,105 2005

Abbreviations: ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; HDRS, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; mPFC, medial prefrontal cortex; REM, rapid eye movement.