Table 3.
The primary outcomes of the included studies.
| Trials | Primary outcomes |
|---|---|
| Low-frequency rTMS | |
| Elkholy et al. (2014) | rTMS significantly improved all the parameters of the stroke patients when compared to the pre-intervention and control groups. |
| Kim et al. (2014) | Real rTMS intervention significantly improved the walking ability and balance of the stroke patients when compared to pre-intervention and sham stimulation. |
| Rastgoo et al. (2016) | Real rTMS intervention significantly improved the muscle spasticity and motor function of the stroke patients when compared to pre-intervention and sham stimulation. |
| Wang et al. (2012) | Real rTMS + task-oriented treatment significantly improved the motor control and walking ability of the stroke patients when compared to pre-intervention and sham rTMS + task-oriented treatment. |
| High-frequency rTMS | |
| Chieffo et al. (2014) | Real rTMS intervention significantly improved the lower limb functions of the stroke patients when compared to pre-intervention and sham stimulation. |
| Choi et al. (2016) | Real rTMS intervention significantly improved the balance function of the stroke patients when compared to pre-intervention and sham stimulation. |
| Goh et al. (2020) | rTMS significantly improved the dual-task gait speed, but not the single-task gait speed of the stroke patients, when compared to pre-intervention. |
| Ji et al. (2016) | Real rTMS intervention significantly improved both the static and dynamic balance of the stroke patients when compared to pre-intervention and sham rTMS. |
| Kakuda et al. (2013) | rTMS + mobility training significantly improved walking velocity and lower limb functions of the stroke patients when compared to pre-intervention. |
| Wang et al. (2019) | Real rTMS intervention significantly improved the walking speed, gait asymmetry, and motor function of the stroke patients when compared to pre-intervention and sham stimulation. |
rTMS, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.