Table 1.

Confirmatory models.

Diagnostic criterion	# items	2-factor model		3-factor model			4-factor model
		Abuse	Dependence	Tolerance	Withdrawal	Loss of Control	Pharmacological	Risky Use	Impaired Control	Social/ Interpersonal
Continued use	7		X		X			X
Craving	11	---	---			X			X
Cut down	7		X			X			X
Give up	4		X			X				X
Hazardous use	7	X				X		X
Larger/longer	6		X			X			X
Failure to fulfill obligations	6	X				X				X
Social/interpersonal problems	6	X				X				X
Time spent	7		X			X			X
Tolerance	12		X	X			X
Withdrawal	14		X		X		X