. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Sep 15.

Published in final edited form as: Arch Ophthalmol. 2003 Dec;121(12):1728–1737. doi: 10.1001/archopht.121.12.1728

Table 1.

Characteristics of Study Population According to Intake of Specific Types of Fat

	Quartile
	Total Fat				Animal Fat				Vegetable Fat				Saturated Fat
	1	2	3	4	1	2	3	4	1	2	3	4	1	2	3	4
Sample size	64	66	66	65	64	66	66	65	64	66	66	65	64	66	66	65
Age, y	72	72	72	73	72	72	73	72	71	72	73	73	72	72	73	73
Male, %	39	39	39	38	39	39	39	38	39	39	39	38	39	39	39	38
Education, %	88	88	83	91	89	86	85	89	86	85	89	89	89	85	83	92
Initial worst eye
Grade 2	16	15	17	6	17	15	14	8	11	21	14	8	16	15	17	6
Grade 3	39	35	41	37	36	41	27	48	41	38	33	40	38	36	36	42
Grade 4	17	20	6	17	11	15	21	12	20	15	12	12	14	17	15	14
Grade 5	28	30	36	40	36	29	38	32	28	26	41	40	33	32	32	38
Physical activity, mean	2.1	1.8	1.5	1.3	2.0	2.0	1.4	1.2	1.8	1.8	1.3	1.6	2.1	1.7	1.6	1.2
Current smoker, %	6	12	11	6	3	12	9	11	14	6	12	3	6	11	9	9
Past smoker, %	59	62	55	52	63	55	65	46	52	67	52	58	61	59	59	49
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg, mean	140	137	138	140	139	137	139	141	139	139	136	142	139	137	139	140
Cardiovascular disease	27	27	12	17	27	27	15	14	20	21	18	23	31	26	12	14
Body mass index, kg/m²	27	28	27	28	26	28	28	28	26	28	29	27	26	28	28	28
Alcohol, g/d	8	9	7	7	7	6	10	7	12	7	8	4	8	7	8	7
Energy/d, geometric mean	1028	1248	1528	1887	1054	1331	1440	1832	1136	1252	1477	1764	1023	1268	1536	1856
Beta carotene intake, μg/d^*	4088	3175	3401	2972	3474	3620	3374	3072	3404	3899	3167	3110	3581	4010	3024	3004
Zinc, mg/d^*	17	16	15	15	14	16	15	17	16	18	16	13	17	15	16	15
Vitamin C, mg/d^*	274	227	218	166	264	258	166	199	238	232	213	191	276	227	216	167
Vitamin E, mg/d^*	29	28	20	20	27	30	19	21	18	33	20	27	30	25	20	22

	Quartile
	Monounsaturated Fat				Polyunsaturated Fat				Transunsaturated Fat				Fish Intake
	1	2	3	4	1	2	3	4	1	2	3	4	<1/wk	1/wk	≥2/wk
Sample size	64	66	66	65	64	66	66	65	65	66	65	65	93	86	82
Age, y	72	72	72	73	72	71	73	73	72	71	71	74	71	73	73
Male, %	39	39	39	38	39	39	39	38	38	39	40	38	37	38	43
Education, %	88	88	85	89	81	89	91	88	88	85	89	88	85	85	93
Initial worst eye
Grade 2	16	15	15	8	11	23	12	8	15	21	11	6	12	11	18
Grade 3	41	30	45	35	38	33	41	40	43	33	42	34	33	7	44
Grade 4	13	24	8	15	28	8	15	9	8	20	12	20	20	19	5
Grade 5	31	30	32	42	23	36	32	43	34	26	35	40	34	34	33
Physical activity, mean	2.2	1.7	1.5	1.3	1.9	1.5	1.8	1.4	2.2	1.7	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.6	2.2
Current smoker, %	6	12	11	6	14	8	8	6	9	6	9	11	15	6	5
Past smoker, %	58	64	52	55	58	70	48	52	52	61	62	54	55	57	60
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg, mean	140	138	138	139	139	137	139	141	137	140	140	138	137	143	137
Cardiovascular disease	25	27	15	15	14	24	21	23	25	24	11	23	17	19	27
Body mass index, kg/m²	27	28	28	28	26	28	28	28	27	28	28	28	27	28	28
Alcohol, g/d	8	8	8	6	11	6	7	6	7	11	8	5	8	7	7
Energy/d, geometric mean	1043	1221	1555	1869	1082	1256	1521	1791	1083	1352	1518	1673	1305	1389	1489
Beta carotene intake, μg/d^*	4084	3187	3508	2875	3453	3713	3113	3272	4001	3218	3565	2845	3002	3173	4130
Zinc, mg/d^*	16	15	16	15	17	16	14	15	14	19	19	12	15	13	20
Vitamin C, mg/d^*	271	221	230	163	232	244	203	195	235	263	233	156	263	199	259
Vitamin E, mg/d^*	24	30	23	19	19	36	20	24	23	30	27	17	21	22	30

Values are expressed as geometric mean after sex-specific energy adjustment. Education refers to percentage with at least a high school education. Physical activity refers to the mean number of times per week of vigorous activity.