Table 2.

Phytochemicals present in different Cyperus species.

Cyperus species	Chemical constituents	Plant part	References
Cyperus articulatus L.	α-Campholenal, α-corymbolol, α-cyperone, α-pinene, cyperol, cyclocolorenone, β-copaen-4-α-ol, p-cymene, caryophyllene oxide, corybolane, cyperotundone, limonene, thuja-2,4(10)-diene, trans-pinocarveol, p-mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol, myrtenal, mustakone	Thick rhizomes	[49, 50]
Cyperus conglomeratus Rottb.	Saponins, steroids, tannins, triterpenes	Whole plant powder	[51]
Cyperus distans L.f.	Artemisia ketone, α-cyperone, cyperene, α-pinene, 1,8-cineole, caryophyllene oxide, endesma-2,4,11-triene, humulene epoxide II, germacrene D, pinocarveol, myrtenol, nor-copernone, zierone	Rhizomes	Lawal et al. [52]
Cyperus esculentus L.	β-Pinene, cymene, cyperene, coumaran, cyperotundone, p-vinylguaiacol, vanillin, cyprotundone	Rhizomes	Gugsa & Yaya [46]
Cyperus longus L.	α-Caryophyllene oxide, β-himachalene, β-caryophyllene oxide, aristolone, humulene oxide, irisone, longiverbenone, viridiflorol	Whole plant powder	Memariani et al. [53]
Cyperus rotundus L.	Isobutyl lactate, thiazol-4(5H)-one.5-(4-nitrobenzylidenol)-2-phenyl, cis-pinen-3-ol, trans-p-mentha-2,8-dienol, pyranone, cis-10-nonadecenoic acid, β-santalol, α-copaen-11-ol, β-vatirenene, elema-1,3-dien6a-ol, β-nootkatol, cis-13,16-docasadienoic acid, 25,26-dihydroxy-vitamin D3	—	El-Wakil et al. [54]