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Effects of sinapic acid (SA) on the TEER and FD-40 levels in LPS-treated Caco-2 cells. The TEER and FD-40 levels were determined after treatment with SA (5, 10, or 15 μmol/l) for 24 h in LPS-treated Caco-2 cells. The results are expressed as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. # denotes p < 0.05 vs. the normal control group (Nor.), and ∗ denotes p < 0.05 vs. the LPS group.
