Table 2.
Summary of different osteogenic differentiation media reported in the literature.
| Reference | Cell density | Assays/stains | Passage | Induction time (days) | Basal culture medium | FBS | Antibiotics | Dexamethasone (μM) | Ascorbate-2-phosphate (μM) | B-glycero-phosphate (mM) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cai et al. 2014 [162] | NI | Alizarin Red S and ALP | 2 | 21 | DMEM-low glucose (lg) | 10% | 100 units/mL | 0.01 | 155.26 | 1 × 10−5 |
| Vieira et al. 2010 [163] | NI | Von Kossa | 3 | 21 | NI | 10% | NI | 0.1 | 50 | 1 × 10−5 |
| Nishimura et al. 2015 [129] | 5 × 105 | 5 | 14 | DMEM | 10% | 100 units/mL | 0.05 | 0.0002 | 10 | |
| Bieback et al. 2004 [164] | 3.1 × 103/cm2 | Von Kossa | NI | 21 | Cell systems | 10% | NI | 0.1 | 50 | 10 |
| Waterman et al. 2010 [165] | 3 × 104 cells/well (6-well) | Alizarin Red S | NI | NI | NI | NI | NI | 0.1 | 50 | 1 × 10−5 |
| Elashrya et al. 2019 [166] | 2 × 104 cells/well (6-well) | Alizarin Red S | 2-3 | NI | DMEM | 10% | 100 U/mL | 0.1 | 60 | 10 |
| Li et al. 2015 [167] | 5 000 cm2 | ALP | NI | NI | DMEM-high glucose | 10% | 100 U/mL | 0.01 | 155.26 | 10 |
| Sotiropoulou et al. 2006 [168] | NI | Von Kossa | NI | NI | DMEM-lg | 10% | 50 μg/mL Gentamicin | 1 | 50 | 10 |
| Rada et al. 2011 [169] | NI | Alizarin Red S | NI | 21 | α-MEM | 10% | 1% | 0.1 | 155.26 | 10 |
| Meuleman et al. 2006 [170] | NI | Von Kossa | 1 | 14 | α-MEM | NI | NI | 0.1 | 60 | 10 |
| Sasaki et al. 2008 [171] | NI | Von Kossa | NI | NI | DMEM | 10% | 0.1 μM | - | 50 | 10 |
| Zuk et al. 2001 [172] | NI | ALP or Von Kossa | 1 | 14 | DMEM | 10% | 1% | 1 | 50 | 10 |
| Bunnell et al. 2008 [173] | NI | Alizarin Red S | NI | 14 | α-MEM | 20% | 1% | 0.001 | 50 | 2 |
| Wagner et al. 2005 [111] | 1 − 2 × 104 cells/cm2 | ALP or Von Kossa | NI | 21 | DMEM | 10% | - | 1 | 200 | 10 |
NI: not indicated; DMEM: Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium; ALP: alkaline phosphatase.