Table 1.

Laser parameters used in the study

	Group I		Group II		Group III	Group IV
	Er:YAG		Nd:YAG		Er:YAG ablation Nd:YAG coagulation	Scalpel
	Ablation	Coagulation	Ablation	Coagulation
Wavelength	2940 nm		1064 nm
Spot size	0.9 mm		300 μm
Frequency	10 Hz		40 Hz
Pulse duration	230 μs		350 μs
Power	2 W	3 W	1.5 W	3 W
Air–water spray	With	Without	With	Without
Distance	Contact	1–3 mm		1–3 mm
Movement types	Reciprocal movements 15 s per cm2	Circular movements unfocused beam	Reciprocal movements 15 s per cm2	Circular movements unfocused beam