Table 2.
Prevalence of specific comorbid conditions, therapeutic procedures, and hospital outcomes in men hospitalized with pulmonary embolism (PE) according to the presence of obstructive sleep apnea in Spain from 2016 to 2018 before and after propensity score matching.
| Before propensity score matching | After propensity score matching | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OSA | No OSA | p-value | OSA | No OSA | p-value | |
| Age, mean (SD) | 66.72 (12.07) | 67.56 (15.26) | 0.028 | 66.72 (12.07) | 67.02 (13.14) | 0.487 |
| CCI, mean (SD) | 1.15 (1.01) | 0.88 (0.87) | < 0.001 | 1.15 (1.01) | 1.11 (0.97) | 0.314 |
| AMI, n (%) | 67 (4.06) | 644 (3.2) | 0.058 | 67 (4.06) | 63 (3.82) | 0.720 |
| Heart failure, n (%) | 213 (12.92) | 1756 (8.72) | < 0.001 | 213 (12.92) | 203 (12.31) | 0.600 |
| PVD, n (%) | 103 (6.25) | 902 (4.48) | 0.001 | 103 (6.25) | 80 (4.85) | 0.080 |
| CVD, n (%) | 65 (3.94) | 619 (3.07) | 0.052 | 65 (3.94) | 58 (3.52) | 0.520 |
| Dementia, n (%) | 45 (2.73) | 591 (2.94) | 0.632 | 45 (2.73) | 41 (2.49) | 0.662 |
| Rheumatic disease, n (%) | 29 (1.76) | 271 (1.35) | 0.167 | 29 (1.76) | 22 (1.33) | 0.323 |
| Liver disease, n (%) | 121 (7.34) | 1120 (5.56) | 0.003 | 121 (7.34) | 109 (6.61) | 0.412 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 382 (23.17) | 2888 (14.34) | < 0.001 | 382 (23.17) | 388 (23.53) | 0.805 |
| COPD, n (%) | 490 (29.71) | 3374 (16.76) | < 0.001 | 490 (29.71) | 530 (32.14) | 0.132 |
| Renal disease, n (%) | 180 (10.92) | 1550 (7.7) | < 0.001 | 180 (10.92) | 166 (10.07) | 0.426 |
| Cancer, n (%) | 226 (13.71) | 3995 (19.84) | < 0.001 | 226 (13.71) | 207 (12.55) | 0.327 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 185 (11.22) | 1585 (7.87) | < 0.001 | 185 (11.22) | 173 (10.49) | 0.502 |
| Valvular heart disease, n (%) | 93 (5.64) | 1005 (4.99) | 0.248 | 93 (5.64) | 89 (5.4) | 0.760 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 584 (35.42) | 1568 (7.79) | < 0.001 | 584 (35.42) | 585 (35.48) | 0.971 |
| Coagulopathy, n (%) | 33 (2) | 429 (2.13) | 0.725 | 33 (2) | 18 (1.09) | 0.034 |
| Pulmonary hypertension, n (%) | 164 (9.95) | 1482 (7.36) | < 0.001 | 164 (9.95) | 150 (9.1) | 0.406 |
| Supplemental oxygen, n (%) | 113 (6.85) | 453 (2.25) | < 0.001 | 113 (6.85) | 98 (5.94) | 0.286 |
| Inferior vena cava filter, n (%) | 11 (0.67) | 207 (1.03) | 0.157 | 11 (0.67) | 16 (0.97) | 0.334 |
| Undergone surgery, n (%) | 25 (1.52) | 376 (1.87) | 0.307 | 25 (1.52) | 35 (2.12) | 0.193 |
| Thrombolytic therapy, n (%) | 92 (5.58) | 1258 (6.25) | 0.278 | 92 (5.58) | 88 (5.34) | 0.759 |
| NIV, n (%) | 85 (5.15) | 210 (1.04) | < 0.001 | 85 (5.15) | 30 (1.82) | < 0.001 |
| IV, n (%) | 16 (0.97) | 284 (1.41) | 0.140 | 16 (0.97) | 21 (1.27) | 0.408 |
| Non septic shock, n (%) | 9 (0.55) | 188 (0.93) | 0.110 | 9 (0.55) | 12 (0.73) | 0.511 |
| Vasopressors, n (%) | 3 (0.18) | 41 (0.2) | 0.850 | 3 (0.18) | 5 (0.3) | 0.479 |
| LOHS, median (IQR) | 7 (6) | 7 (6) | 0.121 | 7 (6) | 7 (6) | 0.826 |
| IHM, n (%) | 59 (3.58) | 1301 (6.46) | < 0.001 | 59 (3.58) | 71 (4.31) | 0.283 |
OSA Obstructive sleep apnea, CCI Charlson comorbidity index, AMI acute myocardial infarction, PVD peripheral vascular disease, CVD cerebrovascular disease, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, NIV non-invasive ventilation, IV invasive ventilation, LOHS length of hospital stay, IHM in-hospital mortality, SD standard deviation, IQR interquartile range.
p value for comparison of men and women with OSA.