Table 2.
Characterization of steps, temperature of onset of mass loss, temperature of the highest reaction rate, mass loss and residue of urea, ground corn, ground corn and urea mixture, and extruded urea in air atmosphere with heating ratio of 10 °C per min−1.
| Sample | Stage | Ta (°C)1 | Tb (°C)2 | Weight loss (%) | Residue (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Urea | 1 | 133.0 | 190.4 | 0.2 | 0.47 |
| 2 | 180.5 | 206.0 | 72.9 | ||
| 3 | 213.9 | 243.1 | 13.4 | ||
| 4 | 257.0 | 288.3 | 11.8 | ||
| 5 | 305.1 | 369.2 | 1.9 | ||
| Ground corn grain | 1 | 37.2 | 212.6 | 12.3 | 1.3 |
| 2 | 225.6 | 310.8 | 61.2 | ||
| 3 | 372.5 | 496.6 | 23.6 | ||
| Mix corn and urea* | 1 | 103.5 | 188.7 | 54.9 | 0.32 |
| 2 | 228.3 | 296.2 | 31.07 | ||
| 3 | 335.7 | 513.9 | 15.62 | ||
| Extruded urea* | 1 | 136.2 | 194.5 | 50.57 | 0.34 |
| 2 | 231.7 | 294.9 | 34.32 | ||
| 3 | 336.2 | 524.5 | 14.65 |
1Temperature obtained by Weight Loss temp method.
2DTG peak temperature.
*200% protein equivalent (700 g/kg urea, 268 g/kg ground whole corn and 32 g/kg sulfur flower).