Table 1:
Clinicopathological characteristics of clinical cohorts
| Characteristics | Training cohort (n=64), n (%) | Validation cohort (n=177), n (%) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | Median (range) | 67 (39–87) | 71 (37–96) | 0.11 |
| Gender | Male | 43 (67.2) | 107 (60.5) | |
| Female | 21 (32.8) | 70 (39.5) | 0.34 | |
| Recurrence status | Recurrence | 37 (57.8) | 109 (61.6) | |
| Non-recurrence | 27 (42.2) | 68 (38.4) | 0.60 | |
| Hepatitis virus infection | Positive | 13 (20.3) | 44 (24.9) | |
| Negative | 51 (79.7) | 133 (75.1) | 0.46 | |
| Liver cirrhosis | Cirrhosis | 22 (34.4) | 60 (33.9) | |
| Non-cirrhosis | 39 (60.9) | 111 (62.7) | ||
| Missing | 3 (4.7) | 6 (3.4) | 0.89 | |
| Tumor location | Perihilar | 17 (26.6) | 67 (37.8) | |
| Peripheral | 47 (73.4) | 110 (62.2) | 0.10 | |
| Tumor size (mm) | ≥35 | 39 (60.9) | 90 (50.9) | |
| <35 | 25 (39.1) | 87 (49.1) | 0.18 | |
| Bile duct type | Small | 49 (76.6) | 119 (67.2) | |
| Large | 15 (23.4) | 58 (32.8) | 0.16 | |
| CEA (ng/ml) | ≥5.0 | 29 (45.3) | 58 (32.8) | |
| <5.0 | 35 (54.7) | 119 (67.2) | 0.08 | |
| CA19–9 (U/ml) | ≥37 | 32 (50.0) | 87 (49.1) | |
| <37 | 32 (50.0) | 90 (50.9) | 0.91 | |
| Vascular invasion | Positive | 29 (45.3) | 90 (50.9) | |
| Negative | 35 (54.7) | 87 (49.1) | 0.42 | |
| Macro type | MF | 51 (79.7) | 120 (67.8) | |
| PI | 13 (14.0) | 57 (32.2) | 0.07 | |
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | Yes | 26 (40.6) | 51 (28.8) | |
| No | 38 (59.4) | 123 (69.5) | ||
| Missing | 0 (0) | 3 (1.7) | 0.10 | |
| Differentiation | Well | 32 (50.0) | 62 (35.0) | |
| Moderately | 28 (43.8) | 79 (44.6) | ||
| Poor | 4 (6.2) | 24 (13.6) | ||
| Others | 0 (0) | 12 (6.8) | 0.16 | |
CA19–9, Carbohydrate antigen 19–9; CEA, Carcinoembryonic antigen; MF, mass forming type; PI, periductal-infiltrative type