Table 3.
Logistic regression analysis according to Raynaud scan results.
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysisa | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude OR (95% CI) | p value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (years) | 0.951 (0.909–0.994) | 0.026 | ||
| Sex | 0.724 (0.255–2.057) | 0.544 | ||
| Associated symptoms | ||||
| Affected limb edema | 6.603 (1.677–26.005) | 0.007 | 15.364 (2.774–85.087) | 0.002 |
| Abnormal sensation | 0.823 (0.275–2.465) | 0.728 | ||
| Conventional risk factors (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 0.515 (0.196–1.354) | 0.179 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.655 (0.244–1.758) | 0.401 | ||
| Dyslipidemia | 0.831 (0.288–2.392) | 0.731 | ||
| Atrial fibrillation | 3.310 (0.619–17.715) | 0.162 | ||
| Smoking | 3.500 (1.157–10.589) | 0.027 | ||
| Previous stroke | 0.643 (0.182–2.266) | 0.492 | ||
| Neurological Severity | ||||
| Proximal muscle strength | 0.798 (0.478–1.330) | 0.386 | ||
| Distal muscle strength | 0.978 (0.622–1.537) | 0.923 | ||
| Stenosis of artery | ||||
| Intracranial | 1.375 (0.521–3.631) | 0.520 | ||
| Extracranial | 1.383 (0.424–4.514) | 0.591 | ||
| Distribution of ischemic lesion | ||||
| Anterior circulation | 4.200 (1.307–13.497) | 0.016 | 4.540 (1.257–16.397) | 0.021 |
| Cortex | 3.026 (0.932–9.829) | 0.065 | 4.885 (0.893–26.723) | 0.067 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||
| White blood cell (103/µl) | 1.082 (0.894–1.309) | 0.419 | ||
| Hemoglobin (1003/µl) | 1.004 (0.777–1.296) | 0.978 | ||
| Platelet (103/µl) | 1.001 (0.994–1.008) | 0.771 | ||
| ESR (mm/hr) | 1.015 (0.976–1.056) | 0.451 | ||
| hs-CRP (mg/L) | 0.989 (0.944–1.035) | 0.630 | ||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 1.002 (0.987–1.016) | 0.830 | ||
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 1.000 (0.995–1.005) | 0.947 | ||
| HDL (mg/dl) | 1.023 (0.978–1.071) | 0.325 | ||
| LDL (mg/dl) | 0.998 (0.984–1.012) | 0.774 | ||
| HbA1c (%) | 1.036 (0.748–1.435) | 0.830 | ||
OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, hs-CRP high sensitivity C-reactive protein, HDL high density lipoprotein, LDL low density lipoprotein, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c.
aAdjusted for age, smoking, affected limb edema, anterior circulation, and cortex.