Table 1. Characteristics of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and control subjects.
| Subjects characteristic | NAFLD (Total n=84) | Control (Total n=42) | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean±SD | 95% CI | Mean±SD | 95% CI | |||
| Demographics and diagnosis (%=n/total) | ||||||
| Age at diagnosis (yr) | 9.3±3.0 | 8.7–10 | 10.8±3.6 | 9.7–11.9 | 0.018 | |
| BMI z-score at diagnosis | 2.39±0.51 | 2.28–2.51 | 2.33±0.52 | 2.16–2.49 | 0.480 | |
| Sex (male/female) | 45/39 | 0.745–1.220 | 24/18 | 0.668–1.817 | 0.704 | |
| Acanthosis nigricans, % (n) | 66.7 (56) | 0.848–1.456 | 59.5 (25) | 0.497–1.343 | 0.430 | |
| Serum biochemical parameters: abnormal tests/total per cohort (%=n/total) | ||||||
| Hemoglobin A1c, % (n) | 14.3 (12) | 0.603–1.293 | 19.0 (8) | 0.682–2.281 | 0.490 | |
| AST, % (n) | 75.0 (63) | 1.864–3.743 | 9.5 (4) | 0.035–0.244 | <0.001 | |
| ALT, % (n) | 81.0 (68) | 1.975–4.515 | 14.3 (6) | 0.053–0.258 | <0.001 | |
| Triglycerides, % (n) | 54.8 (46) | 1.037–1.709 | 33.3 (14) | 0.321–0.942 | 0.023 | |
| Cholesterol, % (n) | 31.0 (26) | 1.099–1.717 | 11.9 (5) | 0.179–0.96 | 0.019 | |
| Genotype: number of genotypes/total per cohort (%=n/total) | ||||||
| MBOAT7 rs641738 TT genotype, % (n) | 4.8 (4) | 0.237–1.153 | 16.7 (7) | 1.237–3.536 | 0.026 | |
| MBOAT7 rs641738 TT/CT genotype, % (n) | 59.5 (50) | 0.854–1.424 | 52.4 (22) | 0.504–1.35 | 0.445 | |
| PNPLA3 rs738409 GG genotype, % (n) | 70.2 (59) | 1.302–2.406 | 31.0 (13) | 0.194–0.583 | <0.001 | |
NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, SD: standard deviation, CI: confidence interval, BMI: body mass index, AST: aspartate transaminase, ALT: alanine transferase, MBOAT7: membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing protein 7, PNPLA3: patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3.