Table 4. Employer-Provided Preventive Measures and Their Association With TMA and IgG Positivity Among Farmworkers, Monterey County, 2020.
| Attribute | Individuals, No. (%)a | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All enrolled (N = 1107) | SARS-CoV-2 infection | ||||
| TMA positive (n = 911) | IgG positive (n = 1058) | ||||
| Yes (n = 118) | No (n = 793) | Yes (n = 201) | No (n = 857) | ||
| Fever and symptoms screening upon arrival at workplace | |||||
| Neither | 495 (44.7) | 54 (16.6)b | 272 (83.4) | 92 (19.2) | 388 (80.8) |
| Either or both | 611 (55.2) | 64 (10.9) | 521 (89.1) | 109 (18.9) | 468 (81.1) |
| No answer | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (100.0) |
| Employer provided face coverings | |||||
| No | 168 (15.2) | 15 (12.1) | 109 (87.9) | 26 (16.0) | 136 (84.0) |
| Yes | 932 (84.2) | 102 (13.0) | 681 (87.0) | 174 (19.6) | 715 (80.4) |
| No answer | 7 (0.6) | 1 (25.0) | 3 (75.0) | 1 (14.3) | 6 (85.7) |
| Employer provided gloves | |||||
| No | 161 (14.5) | 12 (9.0)c | 121 (91.0) | 26 (17.1) | 126 (82.9) |
| Yes | 945 (85.4) | 106 (13.6) | 671 (86.4) | 175 (19.3) | 730 (80.7) |
| No answer | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 1 (100.0) | 0 | 1 (100.0) |
| Employer provided eye shields | |||||
| No | 542 (49.0) | 52 (11.7) | 392 (88.3) | 94 (18.1) | 424 (81.9) |
| Yes | 564 (50.9) | 66 (14.2) | 400 (85.8) | 107 (19.9) | 432 (80.1) |
| No answer | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 1 (100.0) | 0 | 1 (100.0) |
| Employer provided hand washing stations | |||||
| No | 6 (0.5) | 1 (20.0) | 4 (80.0) | 2 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) |
| Yes | 1100 (99.4) | 117 (12.9) | 788 (87.1) | 199 (18.9) | 852 (81.1) |
| No answer | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 1 (100.0) | 0 | 1 (100.0) |
| Employer provided liquid soap and paper towels | |||||
| No | 15 (1.4) | 2 (16.7) | 10 (83.3) | 4 (26.7) | 11 (73.3) |
| Yes | 1090 (98.5) | 116 (12.9) | 781 (87.1) | 196 (18.8) | 845 (81.2) |
| No answer | 2 (0.2) | 0 | 2 (100.0) | 1 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) |
| Employer provided hand sanitizer | |||||
| No | 95 (8.6) | 8 (11.4) | 62 (88.6) | 20 (22.5) | 69 (77.5) |
| Yes | 1011 (91.3) | 110 (13.1) | 730 (86.9) | 181 (18.7) | 787 (81.3) |
| No answer | 1 (0.1) | 0 | 1 (100.0) | 0 | 1 (100.0) |
| Workplace surfaces and tools regularly disinfected and kept clean | |||||
| No | 122 (11.0) | 12 (12.8) | 82 (87.2) | 17 (14.8) | 98 (85.2) |
| Yes | 946 (85.5) | 98 (12.5) | 687 (87.5) | 175 (19.3) | 730 (80.7) |
| No answer | 39 (3.5) | 8 (25.0) | 24 (75.0) | 9 (23.7) | 29 (76.3) |
| Employer staggered breaks to reduce exposure | |||||
| No | 608 (54.9) | 66 (13.4) | 428 (86.6) | 112 (19.2) | 471 (80.8) |
| Yes | 492 (44.4) | 51 (12.3) | 362 (87.7) | 89 (19.0) | 380 (81.0) |
| No answer | 7 (0.6) | 1 (25.0) | 3 (75.0) | 0 | 6 (100.0) |
| Employer provided information on COVID-19 symptoms | |||||
| No | 64 (5.8) | 6 (15.0) | 34 (85.0) | 17 (27.4)d | 45 (72.6) |
| Yes | 1040 (93.9) | 112 (12.9) | 758 (87.1) | 184 (18.5) | 809 (81.5) |
| No answer | 3 (0.3) | 0 | 1 (100.0) | 0 | 3 (100.0) |
| Employer provided information on how workers can protect themselves at work | |||||
| No | 37 (3.3) | 1 (4.8) | 20 (95.2) | 12 (34.3)b | 23 (65.7) |
| Yes | 1067 (96.4) | 117 (13.2) | 772 (86.8) | 189 (18.5) | 831 (81.5) |
| No answer | 3 (0.3) | 0 | 1 (100.0) | 0 | 3 (100.0) |
| Employer provided information on how workers can protect themselves at home and in the community | |||||
| No | 70 (6.3) | 3 (6.4)c | 44 (93.6) | 17 (25.4)c | 50 (74.6) |
| Yes | 1034 (93.4) | 115 (13.3) | 748 (86.7) | 184 (18.6) | 804 (81.4) |
| No answer | 3 (0.3) | 0 | 1 (100.0) | 0 | 3 (100.0) |
| Employer provided information on whom to call if workers were sick | |||||
| No | 134 (12.1) | 18 (18.2)c | 81 (81.8) | 27 (20.9) | 102 (79.1) |
| Yes | 970 (87.6) | 100 (12.3) | 711 (87.7) | 174 (18.8) | 752 (81.2) |
| No answer | 3 (0.3) | 0 | 1 (100.0) | 0 | 3 (100.0) |
| Employer provided information on workers’ ability to get free testing and treatment if they were sick | |||||
| No | 303 (27.4) | 31 (13.1) | 206 (86.9) | 62 (21.5) | 227 (78.5) |
| Yes | 800 (72.3) | 87 (12.9) | 585 (87.1) | 138 (18.0) | 627 (82.0) |
| No answer | 4 (0.4) | 0 | 2 (100.0) | 1 (25.0) | 3 (75.0) |
| Employer provided information on where workers could get housing if they needed to quarantine or isolate away from home | |||||
| No | 607 (54.8) | 70 (14.1) | 428 (85.9) | 112 (19.3) | 467 (80.7) |
| Yes | 496 (44.8) | 48 (11.7) | 363 (88.3) | 88 (18.5) | 387 (81.5) |
| No answer | 4 (0.4) | 0 | 2 (100.0) | 1 (25.0) | 3 (75.0) |
| Employer provided information on the importance of staying away from work if workers were sick | |||||
| No | 78 (7.0) | 5 (9.1) | 50 (90.9) | 15 (19.5) | 62 (80.5) |
| Yes | 1024 (92.5) | 113 (13.2) | 741 (86.8) | 185 (19.0) | 791 (81.0) |
| No answer | 5 (0.5) | 0 | 2 (100.0) | 1 (20.0) | 4 (80.0) |
| Employer provided information on workers’ benefit to get paid to stay away from work if they were sick | |||||
| No | 334 (30.2) | 36 (13.7) | 227 (86.3) | 58 (18.4) | 258 (81.6) |
| Yes | 769 (69.5) | 82 (12.7) | 564 (87.3) | 142 (19.2) | 596 (80.8) |
| No answer | 4 (0.4) | 0 | 2 (100.0) | 1 (25.0) | 3 (75.0) |
| Received education about COVID-19 from medical staff at workplace | |||||
| No | 714 (64.5) | 76 (13.0) | 508 (87.0) | 126 (18.5) | 556 (81.5) |
| Yes | 373 (33.7) | 41 (13.1) | 271 (86.9) | 73 (20.5) | 283 (79.5) |
| No answer | 20 (1.8) | 1 (6.7) | 14 (93.3) | 2 (10.0) | 18 (90.0) |
Abbreviations: IgG, immunoglobulin G; TMA, transcription-mediated amplification.
a
Missing entries were excluded from bivariate analyses.
b
P < .05.
c
P < .20.
d
P < .10.