Table 1. Characteristics of Patients With Culture-Confirmed Campylobacter jejuni Infections Associated With Contact With Pet Store Puppies in the United States, 2011-2020a.
| Characteristicb | Total (February 1, 2011, to February 29, 2020) (N = 168)c | Investigation 1 (January 1, 2016, to February 29, 2018) (n = 48) | Investigation 2 (January 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020) (n = 42) | P value for investigation 1 vs investigation 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age median (IQR), y | 37 (19.5-51.0) | 36.5 (17.5-49.0) | 36 (18.0-51.5) | NA |
| Age group, y | ||||
| <5 | 13/164 (8) | 2/48 (4) | 6/40 (15) | .13 |
| 5-17 | 20/164 (12) | 10/48 (21) | 4/40 (10) | .24 |
| 18-64 | 121/164 (74) | 34/48 (71) | 26/40 (65) | .65 |
| ≥65 | 10/164 (6) | 2/48 (4) | 4/40 (10) | .41 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 105/163 (64) | 33/48 (69) | 23/40 (58) | .38 |
| Male | 58/163 (36) | 15/48 (31) | 17/40 (42) | |
| Race or ethnicity | ||||
| Black or African American | 8/92 (9) | 4/26 (15) | 1/20 (5) | .64 |
| Hispanic | 6/89 (6) | 2/25 (8) | 3/20 (15) | .88 |
| White | 84/92 (91) | 22/26 (85) | 18/20 (95) | .37 |
| Geographic regiond | ||||
| Northeast | 44/168 (26) | 13/48 (27) | 3/42 (7) | .02 |
| Midwest | 67/168 (40) | 21/48 (44) | 21/42 (50) | .67 |
| South | 29/168 (17) | 7/48 (15) | 8/42 (19) | .59 |
| West | 28/168 (17) | 7/48 (15) | 10/42 (24) | .40 |
| Hospitalization | 31/126 (25) | 14/44 (32) | 6/32 (19) | .31 |
| LOS, median (range), de | 3 (1-31) | 3 (2-31) | NA | NA |
| Death | 0/135 | 0/48 | 0/37 | NA |
| Exposures | ||||
| Any dog or puppy contact | 117/121 (97) | 40/42 (95) | 30/31 (97) | .72 |
| Any pet store puppy contact | 69/78 (88) | 38/41 (93) | 20/24 (83) | .45 |
| Store customer | 34/60 (57) | 16/29 (55) | 12/20 (60) | .97 |
| Store employee | 20/60 (33) | 10/29(34) | 6/20 (30) | .98 |
| Store visitor | 3/60 (5) | 3/29 (10) | 0/20 | NA |
| Other | 3/60 (5) | 0/29 | 2/20 (10) | NA |
| Company affiliation | ||||
| Common pet store chain | 38/63 (60) | 21/31 (68) | 12/20 (60) | .79 |
| Other company | 22/63 (35) | 9/31 (29) | 8/20 (40) | .61 |
| No company affiliation | 3/63 (5) | 1/31 (3) | 0/20 | NA |
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; LOS, length of stay; NA, not applicable.
Data are presented as number/total number (percentage) of patients unless otherwise indicated.
Proportions of patients from investigation 1 and investigation 2 were compared by χ2 analysis (Fisher exact test was used for calculations with a cell value of ≤5).
Total includes 48 patients from investigation 1, 41 patients from investigation 2, 45 patients from enhanced surveillance (February 1 to December 31, 2018), and 31 patients from retrospective case finding (before 2016).
Northeast includes Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and New York; Midwest includes Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, and Wisconsin; South includes Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, South Carolina, and Tennessee; and West includes Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and Wyoming.
No information on length of stay was available for patients from investigation 2.