Table 1.
Summary of Helicobacter pylori Infection Prevalence, Virulence Factor and Antibiotic Resistance in Indonesia
| Characteristic | Bali | Java | Kalimantan | Papua | Sumatera | Sulawesi | Timor | Total | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H. pylori prevalence | 7 (11.5) | 17 (4.0) | 6 (6.7) | 9 (42.9) | 26 (19.8) | 13 (14.9) | 14 (40.0) | 88 (10.4) | 23 |
| Subjects (number) | 61 | 424 | 90 | 21 | 131 | 87 | 35 | 849 | |
| Virulence factor | 23 | ||||||||
| cagA positive | 6 (100) | 11 ( 78.6) | 5 (100) | 7 (100) | 18 (100) | 13 (100) | 13 (92.9) | 73 (94.8) | |
| cagA type | |||||||||
| East Asian-type | 3 (50.0) | 10 (71.4) | 2 (40.0) | 1 (14.3) | 18 (100) | 9 (69.2) | 6 (42.9) | 49 (67.1) | |
| Western-type | 3 (50.0) | 1 (7.1) | 3 (60.0) | 0 | 0 | 4 (30.8) | 7 (50.0) | 18 (24.7) | |
| ABB-type | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 (85.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 (8.2) | |
| vacA s1/m1 | 6 (100.0) | 7 (50.0) | 5 (100) | 7 (100) | 9 (50.0) | 6 (46.2) | 12 (85.7) | 52 (67.5) | |
| oipA “on” | 6 (100.0) | 12 (85.7) | 4 (80.0) | 6 (85.7) | 18 (100) | 12 (92.3) | 14 (100) | 72 (93.5) | |
| dupA negative | 6 (100.0) | 11 (78.6) | 3 (60.0) | 7 (100) | 17 (94.4) | 13 (100) | 8 (57.1) | 65 (84.4) | |
| Strain (number) | 6 | 14 | 5 | 7 | 18 | 13 | 14 | 77 | |
| Antibiotic resistant rate | 23 | ||||||||
| Clarothromycin | 1 (16.7) | 3 (21.4) | 0 | 1 (14.3) | 1 (7.7) | 1 (5.6) | 0 | 7 (9.1) | |
| Amoxicillin | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (14.3) | 1 (7.7) | 1 (5.6) | 1 (7.1) | 4 (5.2) | |
| Metronidazole | 2 (33.3) | 7 (50.0) | 1 (20.0) | 3 (42.9) | 4 (30.8) | 16 (88.9) | 3 (21.4) | 36 (46.7) | |
| Levofloxacin | 1 (16.6) | 7 (50.0) | 1 (20.0) | 2 (28.6) | 2 (15.4) | 8 (44.4) | 3 (21.4) | 24 (31.2) | |
| Tetracycline | 0 | 2 (14.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (2.6) | |
| Strain (number) | 6 | 14 | 5 | 7 | 18 | 13 | 14 | 77 | |
| Furazolidone | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24 |
| Sitafloxacin | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Garenoxacin | 0 | 2 (15.4) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (16.7) | 0 | 5 (6.5) | |
| Rifaximin | 3 (50.0) | 4 (30.7) | 3 (60.0) | 2 (28.5) | 6 (46.1) | 3 (16.7) | 6 (42.8) | 27 (35.5) | |
| Rifabutin | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Strain (number) | 6 | 13 | 5 | 7 | 18 | 13 | 14 | 76 |
Data are presented as number (%).