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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 17.
Published in final edited form as: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2021 Feb 17;103(4):326–334. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.20.00660

Table E2:

Phase 1 – Actual treatment preferences

Injury type Treatment preference Number of participants (%)
Weber A lateral malleolus fracture Casting/splinting without manipulation 9/18 (50)
Immediate MUA, followed by casting/splinting only 7/18 (39)
Weber C lateral malleolus fracture Temporary casting/splinting without manipulation, followed by ORIF in 1–2 weeks 5/18 (28)
Bimalleolar fracture Immediate MUA, temporary casting/splinting after CR, then ORIF in 1–2 weeks 7/18 (39)
Trimalleolar fracture with syndesmotic and deltoid injury Immediate MUA, temporary casting/splinting after CR, then ORIF in 1–2 weeks 9/18 (50)
Bimalleolar-equivalent fracture MUA, followed by casting/splinting 12/18 (67)
Bimalleolar fracture-dislocation Emergent operative exploration, compartment release, and ORIF 7/18 (39)
Immediate MUA, temporary casting/splinting after CR, then ORIF in 1–2 weeks 6/18 (33)
Open trimalleolar fracture-dislocation Immediate MUA and wound irrigation, temporary external fixation after CR, then wound debridement and ORIF within 24 hours 4/18 (22)