Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics, including exposure to torture and PTSD, among the participants (N = 455)
| Sample characteristics | n | % |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||
| Men | 333 | 73.2 |
| Women | 122 | 26.8 |
| Age groups | ||
| 18–30 years | 269 | 59.1 |
| 31–64 years | 186 | 40.9 |
| Educational level | ||
| ≤ 9 years | 261 | 57.4 |
| 9–12 years | 101 | 22.2 |
| > 12 years | 74 | 16.3 |
| Missing | 19 | 4.2 |
| Family situation | ||
| Living with a partner | 119 | 26.2 |
| Not living with a partner | 261 | 57.4 |
| Divorced/widow | 37 | 8.1 |
| Missing | 38 | 8.4 |
| Year of immigration | ||
| Prior to 2014 | 20 | 4.4 |
| 2014 | 33 | 7.3 |
| 2015 | 362 | 79.6 |
| 2016 | 15 | 3.3 |
| 2017 | 20 | 4.4 |
| 2018 | 4 | 0.9 |
| Missing | 1 | 0.2 |
| Country of origin | ||
| Afghanistan | 154 | 33.8 |
| Eritrea | 45 | 9.9 |
| Iraq | 38 | 8.4 |
| Somalia | 64 | 14.1 |
| Syria | 145 | 31.9 |
| Stateless | 9 | 2.0 |
| Torture | ||
| Exposure to torture before and/or during migration | 254 | 55.8 |
| Missing | 25 | 5.4 |
| PTSDa | ||
| PTSD according to HTQ cut-off ≥2.06 | 194 | 60.8 |
| Missing | 136 | 29.9 |
a Percentage of positive PTSD cases are based on those responding to the HTQ, n = 319
PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; HTQ, Harvard Trauma Questionnaire; N, population size; n, sample size