Table 4.

Associations between PTSD symptom severity and sex, age group, exposure to torture, and level of physical activity

Covariates	Model 1a				Model 2b				Model 3c
	B	SE B	95% CI	p	B	SE B	95% CI	p	B	SE B	95% CI	p
Sex
Woman	−0.207	0.100	−0.416 - -0.023	.038	−0.259	0.096	−0.468 --0.081	.010	−0.321	0.087	−0.501 --0.161	.002
Man	Ref.				Ref.				Ref.
Age group
18–30	Ref.				Ref.				Ref.
31–64	−0.047	0.088	−0.213 -0.127	.607	−0.015	0.085	−0.167 -0.166	.869	−0.009	0.079	−0.155 -0.149	.905
Exposure to torture
Yes					0.526	0.085	0.358–0.700	< .001	0.469	0.083	0.308–0.631	< .001
No					Ref.				Ref.
Level of PA
Inactive									0.789	0.104	0.591–1.005	< .001
Insufficient PA									0.297	0.086	0.133–0.465	< .001
Sufficient PA									Ref.
R2	0.02				0.13				0.25

a Model 1 includes the variables sex and age

b Model 2 includes the variables sex, age, and exposure to torture

c Model 3 includes the variables sex, age, exposure to torture, and PA level

SE, p, and CI are based on 1000 bootstrap samples

PTSD symptom severity is based on the HTQ total score

Levels of PA are based on the EVS total score of minutes per week in moderate to strenuous exercise; Inactive (0 min·wk.^-1), Insufficient PA (1–149 min·wk.^-1), and Sufficient PA (≥ 150 min·wk.^-1)

PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; PA, physical activity; HTQ, Harvard Trauma Questionnaire; EVS, Exercise Vital Sign; B, unstandardized beta; SE, standard error; CI, confidence interval; p, probability value; R², coefficient of determination