TABLE 2.
Quantitative traits
| Trait | African American (n = 129) | Non-Hispanic white (n = 224) | P-value* | Women (n = 218) | Men (n = 135) | P-value† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 58 (13) | 61 (15) | <.01 | 58 (14) | 61 (16) | .29 |
| Female, n (%) | 85 (65.9) | 133 (59.4) | .22 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| African American, n (%) | n/a | n/a | n/a | 85 (39.0) | 44 (32.6) | .22 |
| Weight (kg) | 85.3 (26.6) | 75.0 (26.5) | <.01 | 72.7 (22.8) | 89.6 (25.2) | <.01 |
| Height (cm) | 166.4 (14.2) | 167.9 (15.6) | .07 | 162.7 (8.1) | 177.9 (9.5) | <.01 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.3 (9.5) | 26.2 (6.7) | <.01 | 27.8 (8.9) | 28.3 (6.1) | .81 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 101.2 (23.5) | 95.2 (22.5) | <.01 | 94.8 (23.4) | 101.3 (19.5) | <.01 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 108.9 (18.9) | 102.5 (14.4) | <.01 | 105.6 (18.2) | 103.1 (14.3) | .02 |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.93 (0.11) | 0.92 (0.12) | .23 | 0.89 (0.095) | 0.99 (0.084) | <.01 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 128 (24.8) | 115.5 (21.4) | <.01 | 118.5 (25.5) | 121.0 (23.5) | .01 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 76.5 (13.5) | 69.5 (11.4) | <.01 | 69.8 (14.5) | 75.0 (13.5) | <.01 |
| Physical activity (MET min/wk) | 8610 (9053) | 8295 (5796) | .47 | 8595 (7746) | 7631 (6553) | .33 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 97 (14) | 96 (11.8) | .97 | 94 (12) | 100 (12) | <.01 |
| Fasting insulin (μU/mL) | 11.2 (9.7) | 8.7 (7.1) | <.01 | 8.6 (7.3) | 10.7 (11.2) | <.01 |
| Fasting C-peptide (ng/mL) | 2.2 (1.5) | 2.0 (1.2) | .76 | 2.0 (1.1) | 2.3 (1.6) | <.01 |
| ISI | 3.4 (2.9) | 4.4 (4.8) | <.01 | 4.3 (4.1) | 3.5 (3.7) | <.01 |
| AUC-Ins30/AUC-Glu30 | 0.49 (0.43) | 0.32 (0.23) | <.01 | 0.33 (0.26) | 0.38 (0.41) | .03 |
| DI30 | 1.6 (1.2) | 1.4 (1.0) | .04 | 1.6 (1.2) | 1.4 (1.0) | .03 |
| AUC-Cpep/AUC-Ins | 0.085 (0.042) | 0.12 (0.045) | <.01 | 0.11 (0.049) | 0.098 (0.055) | .05 |
Abbreviations: AUC-Ins30/AUC-Glu30, insulin secretion; BMI, body mass index; DI30, disposition index; AUC-Cpep/AUC-Ins, insulin clearance; ISI, insulin sensitivity index; MET, metabolic equivalent; n/a, not applicable.
a
Notes: Data are median (interquartile range) for quantitative traits and n (%) for female sex. Weight, waist, hip, BMI and all glucose/insulin homeostasis traits were log-transformed and physical activity was square root-transformed for the t-test P-values.
*
Comparing African American with non-Hispanic white.
†
Comparing women with men.