Table 1:

Differential induction of miRNA by human respiratory viral infections.

VIRUS	miRNA	EFFECT	CELL	REFS.
IAV H1N1	↑miR-132-3p	Suppresses type I IFN response and promotes IAV replication	A549 cells	[25]
	↑miR- 29c	Decreases NFκB, TNF-α, IFN-β, IL-6, IL-1β and IL-8		[26]
IAV H3N2	↑mir-146 a-5p	Regulates TRAF6	Human nasal epithelial cells	[27]
IAV H5N1	↑miR-136	Acts as an immune agonist of RIG-I, thus leads to IL-6 and IFN-β accumulation	A549 cells	[37]
	↑miR-21-3p	Decreases the levels of IFN-β, IFN-α, PKR, MxA, and OAS		[28]
	↓miR-30a,-b,-c,-d,-e.	Modulates SOCS1, SOCS3, and NEDD4 to impair the host antiviral response		[38]
HRSV	↑miR-1271-5p	Undefined	Whole blood samples	[29]
	↑miR-10a-3p
	↑miR-125b-5p
	↑miR-30b-3p
	↑miR-106b-5p	Undefined	Peripheral blood	[33]
	↑miR-20b-5p
	↑miR-342-3p
	↓miR-320e
	↓miR-320d
	↓miR-877-5p
	↓miR-122-5p
	↓miR-92b-5p
	↓miR-34b/c-5p	Induces Muc5ac expression	Human bronchial epithelial cells	[39]
	↑miR-Let-7b	Regulates IFN-β response	MoDCs	[31]
	↑miR-4448	Undefined	MoDCs	[15]
	↑miR-30a-5p
	↑miR-4634
	↑miR-let-7f	Undefined	A549 cells	[32]
	↑miR-24
	↑miR-337-3p
	↑miR-26b
	↑miR-520a-5p
	↑miR-let-7c	Undefined	Normal human bronchial epithelial cells	[31]
	↑miR-let-7i	Regulates IFN-β response
	↑miR-30b	Undefined
	↓miR-198	Undefined	A549 cells	[32]
	↓miR-595
HMPV	↑miR-182-5p	Undefined	MoDCs	[15]
	↑miR-4634
	↑miR-Let-7f	Regulates viral replication	A549 cells	[21]
	↓miR-192	Undefined
	↓miR-374a
	↑miR-452
HAdV	↑miR-127-3p	Undefined	Whole blood samples	[35]
	↑miR-493-5p
	↑miR-409-3p
SARS-CoV-2	↑miR-16-2-3p	Undefined	Whole blood samples	[47]
	↑miR-6501-5p
	↑miR-618
	↓miR183-5p
	↓miR-627-5p
	↓miR144-3p