TABLE. Characteristics, circumstances, and co-occurring substances among overdose decedents with xylazine detected in postmortem toxicology — Connecticut, 2019–July 2020.

Characteristic/Circumstance	No. (%)
Total	146 (100)
Sex
Male	118 (80.9)
Female	28 (19.2)
Race/Ethnicity
White, non-Hispanic	108 (74.0)
Black, non-Hispanic	10 (6.8)
Hispanic*	25 (17.1)
Other, non-Hispanic†	2 (1.4)
Unknown	1 (0.7)
Age group, yrs
<25	8 (5.5)
25–34	41 (28.1)
35–44	39 (26.7)
45–54	24 (16.4)
≥55	34 (23.3)
Location of injury
Home	110 (75.3)
Motel/Hotel	11 (7.5)
Residential institutes	6 (4.1)
Motor vehicle	4 (2.7)
Other§	15 (10.3)
Location of death
Home	83 (56.8)
Hospital (DOA/ED/Inpatient)	38 (26.0)
Motel/Hotel	10 (6.8)
Friend's house	8 (5.5)
Other¶	7 (4.8)
History of substance misuse reported (opioid/nonopioid)
Evidence	98 (67.1)
No evidence	48 (32.9)
Naloxone administration
Naloxone given	27 (18.5)
Naloxone not given or unknown	119 (81.5)
Route of administration**
Injection	58 (39.7)
Snorting	22 (15.1)
Smoking	20 (13.7)
Ingestion	6 (4.1)
Unknown	43 (29.5)
Co-occurrence of fentanyl	145 (99.3)
Fentanyl only	21 (14.4)
Fentanyl plus one or more other substances	124 (85.6)
Fentanyl and cocaine††	50 (34.2)
Fentanyl and heroin††	44 (30.1)
Fentanyl and alcohol††	33 (22.6)
Fentanyl and benzodiazepines††	38 (26.0)
Fentanyl and gabapentin††	18 (12.3)

Source: Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Farmington, Connecticut.

Abbreviations: DOA = dead on arrival; ED = emergency department.

* Hispanic or Latino.

^† Non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, or Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander.

^§ Park; vacant places; outdoor area; or unknown.

^¶ Motor vehicle; park; halfway house; or outdoor area.

** Based on drug paraphernalia present at the scene.

^†† Subgroups total to more than 100% because test results for some decedents were positive for multiple substances.