Table 1. Schobinger’s clinical classification of AVM symptomatology [6].

Stage	Clinical findings
I (Quiescence)	Warm, pink-blue shunting on Doppler
II (Expansion)	Enlargement, pulsation, thrill, bruit, and tortuous veins
III (Destruction)	Dystrophic skin changes, ulceration, bleeding, and pain
IV (Decompensation)	Cardiac failure