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. 2021 May 6;78:189–202. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2021.04.007

Table 11.

Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test for the 1st difference of each variable.

Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test
Variable Test statistics Lag order p-value
diff(Average speed) −8.94 5 0.01
diff(Speeding) −10.09 5 0.01
diff(Harsh braking/100 km) −8.39 5 0.01