Table 2.
Clinic Characteristics of COVID-19 Derivation Cohorta
| Characteristic | N=1672 |
|---|---|
| Age, years | 63.4±15.8 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 32.6±8.7 |
| Female | 842 (50.4) |
| Black | 1,168 (71.4) |
| DM | 754 (45.1) |
| HTN | 1,309 (78.3) |
| HLP | 738 (44.1) |
| Smoking | |
| Never | 987 (62.6) |
| Former | 513 (32.6) |
| Current | 76 (4.8) |
| CAD | 261 (15.6) |
| CHF | 247 (14.8) |
| COPD | 199 (11.9) |
| CKD | 350 (20.9) |
| ESRD | 72 (4.3) |
| Asthma | 179 (10.7) |
| Cirrhosis | 24 (1.4) |
| HIV | 16 (0.1) |
| Sleep apnea | 158 (9.5) |
| Transplant | 27 (1.6) |
| Immunocompromised | 54 (3.2) |
| Presenting symptoms | |
| Fever | 1,132 (68.0) |
| Cough | 1,214 (72.7) |
| Myalgia | 460 (27.5) |
| Diarrhea | 472 (28.3) |
| Nausea | 353 (21.1) |
| Vomiting | 205 (12.3) |
| Anorexia | 690 (41.3) |
| Shortness of breath | 1,301 (77.9) |
| Presenting vitals | |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 90.9±15.5 |
| Oxygen saturation, % | 94.9±2.6 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 131.5±19.2 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 72.1±10.4 |
| Temperature, °F | 100.3±1.7 |
| SOFA admission score | 2.4±2.8 |
| Presenting lab values | |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 12.6±2.1 |
| White cell count, cells/L | 7.5±3.8 |
| Lymphocyte count, cells/L | 1.1±0.6 |
| Platelet, cells/L | 220.0±91.0 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.8±2.2 |
| Blood urea nitrogen, mg/dL | 26.4±24.5 |
| AST, U/L | 63.6±161.4 |
| ALT, U/L | 43.6±105.6 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 479.3±354.6 |
| Lactate, mmol/L | 1.6±1.0 |
| Albumin, g/L | 3.2±0.5 |
| D-dimer, μg/mL | 2.0±3.3 |
| Troponin I, ng/mL | 0.2±1.0 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L | 108.1±88.8 |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL | 1.4±11.5 |
| Ferritin, μg/L | 1247.3±1726.1 |
| Peak values | |
| Lactate dehydrogenase | 538.1±553.9 |
| Lactate | 1.9±1.9 |
| Troponin | 0.3±1.4 |
| D-dimer | 4.7±6.5 |
| C-reactive protein | 159.6±124.6 |
| Procalcitonin | 2.8±18.2 |
| Ferritin | 1673.2±2718.8 |
| Clinical course | |
| ICU admission | 610 (36.5) |
| Days in ICU | 9.9±8.1 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 436 (26.1) |
| Ventilator days | 9.9±7.4 |
| Acute myocardial injury | 307 (28.4) |
| DVT | 23 (1.4) |
| PE | 45 (2.7) |
| Stroke | 62 (3.7) |
| New dialysis | 110 (6.6) |
| Acute kidney injury | 439 (26.3) |
| Acute hepatic injury | 55 (3.3) |
| Death | 403 (24.2) |
Values are n (%) or median ± SD as appropriate.
a
ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HLP, hyperlipidemia; HTN, hypertension; ICU, intensive care unit; PE, pulmonary embolism; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment.