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. 2021 Sep 16;12:5473. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-25383-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a PAM, PEG-SH, and photoinitiator DMPA are dissolved in chloroform. The antibiotic (vancomycin for example) is also dissolved in chloroform. The surfaces (pin or flat slide) are submerged in the coating solution and excess reagents removed by gravity, the surface is then exposed to UV light to induce PEG-PAM coupling. b 3D profilometer scan of PEG-PAM coated titanium surface. c A horizontal and vertical measurement of coating thickness using the 3D profilometer scan reveals a coating thickness of 2 µm. d SEM images of uncoated and PEG-PAM/Vanc coated titanium pins show a change in surface roughness as a result of the coating process. e Multiple layer deposition of PEG-PAM polymer coatings (3 Layers, 5 Layers, and 8 Layers) with increased thickness and increased loading amount of vancomycin (n = 4). f The thickness of 1, 3, 5, 8 layers of PEG-PAM coatings on the titanium surface (n = 1). g In vitro release of vancomycin from single layer PEG-PAM coating (n = 3). h In vitro release of vancomycin from 3 layers PEG-PAM coating (n = 3). Statistics in (e) are an ordinary one-way ANOVA with a Tukey Multiple comparison test. **p = 0.002 and *p = 0.012. Data is plotted showing the Mean and Standard Deviation. Biological replicates derived from independent experiments are shown in each panel as a dot.