TABLE 1.
Patient demographics
| HNS | HS | COPD | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male/female, n | 5/4 | 3/5 | 14/0 |
| Age (years) | 54 (34–67) | 56 (29–76) | 71 (59–80)**# |
| Current/ex‐smoker, n | 0/0 | 8/0 | 5/9 |
| Pack‐years | n/a | 22 (11–58) | 60 (25–83.75### |
| Exacerbations in last year | n/a | 0.25 ± 0.7 | 1 ± 1.3 |
| ICS (yes/no), n | 0/9 | 0/8 | 12/2 |
| SABA | 0/9 | 0/8 | 13/1 |
| LABA | 0/9 | 0/8 | 12/2 |
| LAMA | 0/9 | 0/8 | 12/2 |
| FEV1 (l) | 3.1 ± 0.6 | 2.8 ± 1.2 | 1.6 ± 0.6**# |
| FEV1 (%) | 101.9 ± 11.3 | 99.9 ± 13.9 | 56.3 ± 21.4***### |
| FVC (l) | 4.1 ± 0.9 | 3.7 ± 1.4 | 3.3 ± 0.6 |
| FEV1/FVC ratio (%) | 75.4 ± 3.6 | 74.2 ± 6.4 | 46.7 ± 16.7***### |
| Reversibility (%) | 0.6 ± 2.7 | 3.6 ± 6.3 | 11.4 ± 13.9 |
| Sputum neutrophil (%) | 52.3 ± 25.9 | 54.1 ± 17.2 | 76.0 ± 20.1*# |
| Sputum neutrophil cell count ×106/g | 3.9 ± 3.9 | 3.3 ± 1.9 | 11.0 ± 11.0 |
| Sputum macrophage (%) | 29.6 ± 17.3 | 38.9 ± 12.4 | 16.7 ± 14.8# |
| Sputum macrophage cell count ×106/g | 1.6 ± 1.1 | 1.9 ± 0.8 | 1.2 ± 0.5 |
| Sputum eosinophils (%) | 0.4 ± 0.4 | 0.9 ± 1.0 | 2.4 ± 3.5 |
| Sputum eosinophils cell count ×106/g | 0.0003 ± 0.0007 | 0.0001 ± 0.0004 | 0.0005 ± 0.001 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (range).
Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)% of predicted maximum, forced vital capacity (FEVC), inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), long acting β‐agonists (LABA), long‐acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA), short‐acting β‐agonists (SABA), reversibility % of FEV1 improvement following bronchodilator treatment.
Significant compared to HNS (*p < 0.05, **0.01, ***0.001); significant compared to HS (# p < 0.05, ##0.01, ###0.001).