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. 2021 Sep 3;12:692496. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.692496

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Optical recording of optogenetically induced APs in channelrhodopsin-expressing HL-1 cells. (A) Representative confocal microscope images of HL-1 cells expressing blue light-activable ion channels after transduction with a commercial AAV serotype capsid 9-pseudotyped AAVV encoding mCherry-tagged ChR2(H134R) (red channel) and a custom-made vesicular stomatitis G protein-pseudotyped LV encoding eGFP-tagged CheRiff expression (green channel). Cell nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue channel). The higher eGFP signal attests to the more efficient transduction of the HL-1 cells with the LV than with the AAVV. Scale bar = 25 μm. (B) Representative traces of optically induced APs registered in AAVV- and LV-transduced HL-1 cell layers after loading of the cells with VSD and stimulating with blue light pulses at 1 Hz (blue lines in the graph). Consistent with the higher transduction efficiency of the HL-1 cells, APs were registered only in the LV-transduced HL-1 cells. CTRL, untransduced HL-1 cells.