Table 3.
Meta-regression of outcomes of AKI after pediatric cardiac surgery as a function of AKI incidence and age: summary of results.
| Outcome | Number of (sub)studies | Regression coefficient* | Exp (regression coefficient)** | t-value | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| As a function of AKI incidence | |||||
| In-hospital mortality—effect of AKI on outcome | 49 | −0.010 (−0.031; 0.011) | 0.990 (0.969; 1.011) | −0.962 | 0.342 |
| In-hospital mortality—proportion analysis within AKI patients | 49 | −0.009 (−0.028; 0.011) | 0.991 (0.972; 1.011) | −0.854 | 0.393 |
| Need for RRT—effect of AKI on outcome | 50 | −0.030 (−0.057; −0.003) | 0.970 (0.944; 0.997) | −2.277 | 0.028 |
| Need for RRT—proportion analysis within AKI patients | 50 | −0.003 (−0.028; 0.022) | 0.997 (0.972; 1.022) | −0.216 | 0.829 |
| Cardiac arrhythmias—effect of AKI on outcome | 10 | 0.012 (−0.019; 0.043) | 1.012 (0.981; 1.044) | 0.873 | 0.408 |
| Cardiac arrhythmias—proportion analysis within AKI patients | 10 | −0.017 (−0.034; 0.001) | 0.983 (0.967; 1.001) | −2.029 | 0.052 |
| Ventilation time (days) | 34 | 0.023 (−0.018; 0.064) | / | 1.143 | 0.262 |
| PICU length of stay (days) | 38 | 0.003 (−0.043; 0.049) | / | 0.141 | 0.889 |
| Hospital length of stay (days) | 36 | 0.032 (−0.073; 0.137) | / | 0.622 | 0.538 |
| As a function of age | |||||
| In-hospital mortality—effect of AKI on outcome | 49 | 0.010 (−0.003; 0.024) | 1.010 (0.997; 1.024) | 1.529 | 0.134 |
| In-hospital mortality—proportion analysis within AKI patients | 49 | 0.012 (−0.003; 0.026) | 1.012 (0.997; 1.026) | 1.554 | 0.120 |
| Need for RRT—effect of AKI on outcome | 50 | 0.010 (−0.008; 0.032) | 1.012 (0.992; 1.033) | 1.233 | 0.225 |
| Need for RRT—proportion analysis within AKI patients | 50 | −0.009 (−0.027; 0.008) | 0.991 (0.973; 1.008) | −1.062 | 0.288 |
| Cardiac arrhythmias—effect of AKI on outcome | 10 | 0.027 (0.005; 0.049) | 1.027 (1.005; 1.050) | 2.801 | 0.023 |
| Cardiac arrhythmias—proportion analysis within AKI patients | 10 | −0.001 (−0.020; 0.017) | 0.999 (0.980; 1.017) | −0.114 | 0.909 |
| Ventilation time (days) | 34 | −0.009 (−0.049; 0.030) | / | −0.474 | 0.639 |
| PICU length of stay (days) | 38 | −0.001 (−0.037; 0.035) | / | −0.073 | 0.942 |
| Hospital length of stay (days) | 36 | 0.049 (−0.045; 0.144) | / | 1.064 | 0.295 |
AKI, acute kidney injury; PICU, pediatric intensive care unit; RRT, renal replacement therapy.
*
The regression coefficient describes how the effect of AKI on the outcome changes with a percentage increase in AKI incidence (as a proxy of the overall risk of the population).
**
For binary risk factors, the log-transformed value of the effect of AKI on the outcome was used in the regression model, and the exponential of the regression coefficient gives an estimate of the relative change in effect of AKI on the outcome with a percentage increase in AKI incidence. Significant p-values (p < 0.05) are indicated in bold.