Fig. 1. Induction of COX-2 expression by LPS (A) or glucose (B) and the cytotoxic range of hesperetin (C) in LPS-treated THP-1 macrophages. COX-2 expression by glucose (0, 5.5, 20, and 25 mM/L) in LPS (100 ng/mL) was determined by western blotting. Effect of hesperetin on cell viability of THP-1 macrophages under LPS and hyperglycemic condition after 48 h was evaluated by performing 5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide assays. The data are representative of at least three independent experiments.

COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; NG, normoglycemic 5.5 mM/L glucose; HG, hyperglycemic 25 mM/L glucose.