Table 2.
PV neuron alterations in the hippocampus of stressed animals.
| Species | Age during manipulation | Age at measurement | Sex | Experimental paradigm | Brain Region | Method | Measure | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Early postnatal | Early postnatal, juvenile, adolescent | ♂ | LB/LN P4–P11 | Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV cell density | Increased at P21 | [8] Bath et al. (2016) |
| Rat (Lister-hooded) | Adolescent | Adolescent | ♂♀ | CUS 3 days | Infrapyramidal Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV cell density | increased in males | [20] Brydges et al. (2018) |
| Rat (Lister-hooded) | Adolescent | Adolescent | ♂♀ | CUS 3 days | Suprapyramidal Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV cell density | no change | [20] Brydges et al. (2018) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CMS 9 weeks | Dorsal Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [30] Csabai et al. (2017) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CMS 9 weeks | Ventral Dentate Gyrus | IHC | Total PV cell number | no change | [32] Czeh et al. (2015) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CMS 9 weeks | Dorsal Dentate Gyrus | IHC | Total PV cell number | no change | [32] Czeh et al. (2015) |
| PV-Cre Mouse | Adolescent-adult | Adult | not stated | SI 8 weeks; 16 days rest and behavioral tests | Ventral Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV cell density | no change | [34] Deng et al. (2020) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Early postnatal | Early postnatal | ♂ | Handling and MS: 15 or 180 min/day from P2–P14 | Dentate Gyrus | IHC | Total PV cell number | no change | [37] Dricks (2016) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | SI 3 weeks | Dentate Gyrus | IHC | Total PV cell number | decreased | [44] Filipović et al. (2017) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | Acute (2h cold or RS) or chronic (21 days SI) stress, or chronic stress with acute stress at the end of isolation | Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV-immunoreactive number | decreased by isolation and combined isolation + acute stressors | [43] Filipović et al. (2013) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Early postnatal | Adolescent | ♂ | MS: 3h/day from P2–P14, or early handling P2–P14 (moved to different cage 15min/day) | Dentate Gyrus: Molecular layer, Granule cell layer, and Polymorphic layer | IHC | PV cell density | decreased in MS vs no handling in molecular layer | [51] Giachino et al. (2007) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Adolescent | Adult | ♂ | Maternal stress: GD9 poly I:C injection (mimics infection); offspring exposed to 10 days variable unpredictable stress from P30–P40 | Ventral Dentate Gyrus | IHC | Total PV cell number | decreased by poly I:C and stress but not either alone | [54] Giovanoli et al., 2014 |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Adolescent | Adult | ♂ | Maternal stress: GD9 poly I:C injection (mimics infection); offspring exposed to 10 days variable unpredictable stress from P30–P40 | Dorsal Dentate Gyrus | IHC | Total PV cell number | no change | [54] Giovanoli et al., 2014 |
| Rat (Wistar) | Juvenile-adult | Adult | ♂ | SI 8 weeks | Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV cell density | no change | [61] Greene et al., 2001 |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Juvenile-adult | Adult | ♀ | SI 11 weeks | Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [65] Harte et al. (2007) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent-adult | Adult | ♂ | RS 6h/day 3 weeks | Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [70] Hu et al. (2010) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | Gulf war illness model: 4 weeks daily: 5 min RS, pyridostigmine bromide 1.3 mg/kg oral, DEET 200ul 40 mg/kg dermal, and permethrin 200ul 0.13 mg/kg dermal. | Dentate Gyrus | IHC | Total PV cell number | decreased | [107] Megahed et al. (2014) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Early postnatal | Adult | ♂ | MSEW: MS 4h/day from P2–P5, then 8h/day from P6–P16. MS pups weaned at P17, controls at P21 | Ventral Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [116] Murthy et al. (2019) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CMS 8 weeks | Dentate Gyrus hilus | IHC | PV cell density | no change | [122] Nieto-Gonzalez et al. (2015) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CMS 8 weeks | Dentate Gyrus granule cell layer | IHC | PV cell density | no change | [122] Nieto-Gonzalez et al. (2015) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CMS 8 weeks | Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV cell density | no change | [122] Nieto-Gonzalez et al. (2015) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CUS 16 days or CMS 8 weeks | Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV cell density; PV cell surface area; PV fluorescence intensity | no change | [123] Nowak et al. (2010) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Early postnatal | Juvenile | ♂♀ | MS 4h/day 19 days | Dentate Gyrus | IHC | 8-oxo-dG + fraction of PV cells; PV + cell 8-oxo-dG intensity; PV cell number; PV intensity | increased 8-oxo-dG + fraction; increased PV+ 8-oxo-dG in females vs males and increased PV intensity in males vs females | [159] Soares et al. (2020) |
| GAD67(+/GFP) (HET) mice | – | Juvenile | ♂ | Maternal RS: 45 min 3x/day from E15 to E17.5; BrdU injection IP once at E12 or E15 | Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV+/GFP + cell density | no change | [169] Uchida et al. (2014) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Juvenile-adolescent | Adolescent | ♂ | SI 5 weeks | Dentate Gyrus | IHC and WFA stain | PV cell density; PNN + fraction of PV cells; PV fluorescence intensity; PV soma area | decreased (all) | [170] Ueno et al. (2017) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Adolescent-adult | Adult | ♂ | CSIS 7 weeks. After stress, mice housed individually for 1 year | Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [179] Wang et al. (2019) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Early postnatal | Adult | ♂ | MSEW: MS 4h/day from P2–P5, then 8h/day from P6–P16. MS pups weaned at P17, controls at P21 | Ventral Dentate Gyrus | IHC | c-Fos + fraction of PV cells | no change | [116] Murthy et al. (2019) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Juvenile-Adult | Adult | ♂ | Forced swim, 3 30-min elevated platform sessions, 2 h RS. 32 days rest followed by 4 days of odor exposure preceding 45s underwater restraint trauma. 4 weeks later, odor re-exposure then elevated plus maze before sacrifice | Dorsal Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV+/c-Fos + cell density | no change | [142] Regev-Tsur et al. (2020) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Juvenile-Adult | Adult | ♂ | Forced swim, 3 30-min elevated platform sessions, 2 h RS. 32 days rest followed by 4 days of odor exposure preceding 45s underwater restraint trauma. 4 weeks later, odor re-exposure then elevated plus maze before sacrifice | Ventral Dentate Gyrus | IHC | PV+/c-Fos + cell density | no change | [142] Regev-Tsur et al. (2020) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Early postnatal | Adult | ♂ | MSEW: MS 4h/day from P2–P5, then 8h/day from P6–P16. MS pups weaned at P17, controls at P21 | Ventral Dentate Gyrus Granule Cell Layer | IHC | WFA intensity in PV cells | increased | [116] Murthy et al. (2019) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Early postnatal | Adult | ♂ | MSEW: MS 4h/day from P2–P5, then 8h/day from P6–P16. MS pups weaned at P17, controls at P21 | Ventral Dentate Gyrus | IHC and WFA stain | Otx2 intensity in PV+/PNN + cells and in PV+/PNN- cells | increased in PV+/PNN + cells | [116] Murthy et al. (2019) |
| Rat (Tryon Maze Dull) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CSD 8 days | Hidden blade of the Dentate Gyrus granular layer | IHC | Relative Optical Density of PV stain | no change | [87] Krugers et al. (1996) |
| Rat (Tryon Maze Dull) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CSD 8 days | Outer blade of the Dentate Gyrus granular layer | IHC | Relative Optical Density of PV stain | no change | [87] Krugers et al. (1996) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent | Adolescent | ♀ | RS 4h | Hilus subgranular zone | IHC; EM | mu-opioid receptor number in PV-labeled cell dendrites | decreased | [111] Milner et al. (2013) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent | Adolescent | ♀ | RS 4h | Hilus subgranular zone | IHC; EM | mu-opioid receptor density in PV-labeled cell dendrite cytoplasm and plasma membrane | decreased in cytoplasm | [111] Milner et al. (2013) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent | Adolescent | ♀ (proestrus and estrus) | RS 4h | Hilus | IHC; EM | mu-opioid receptor density in PV-labeled cell small dendrite cytoplasm and plasma membrane | increased in proestrus plasma membrane; decreased in proestrus and estrus cytoplasm | [111] Milner et al. (2013) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent | Adolescent | ♂ | RS 4h | Hilus | IHC; EM | mu-opioid receptor number in PV-labeled cell dendrites | no change | [111] Milner et al. (2013) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent | Adolescent | ♂♀ | RS 4h/day for 10 days | Hilus | IHC | PV cell density | decreased in males | [111] Milner et al. (2013) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent | Adolescent | ♀ (estrus) | RS 4h/day for 10 days | Hilus | IHC | PV cell total dendrite area | decreased | [111] Milner et al. (2013) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent | Adolescent | ♀ (estrus) | RS 4h/day for 10 days | Hilus | IHC; EM | mu-opioid receptor density in PV-labeled cell dendrites | increased | [111] Milner et al. (2013) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent | Adolescent | ♂♀ (estrus) | RS 4h/day for 10 days | Hilus | IHC; EM | mu-opioid receptor density in PV-labeled cell dendrite cytoplasm | increased in females | [111] Milner et al. (2013) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Adolescent | Adolescent | ♂ | RS 6h/day 3 weeks | CA1 | IHC | Total PV cell number; PV cellular intensity | no change | [27] Clarke et al. 2019 |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CMS 9 weeks | Dorsal CA1 | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [30] Csabai et al. (2017) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CMS 9 weeks | Ventral CA1 | IHC | Total PV cell number | decreased | [32] Czeh et al. (2015) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CMS 9 weeks | Dorsal CA1 | IHC | Total PV cell number | decreased | [32] Czeh et al. (2015) |
| PV-Cre Mouse | Adolescent-adult | Adult | not stated | SI 8 weeks; 16 days rest and behavioral tests | Ventral CA1 | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [34] Deng et al. (2020) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Early postnatal | Early postnatal | ♂ | Handling and MS: 15 or 180 min/day from P2–P14 | CA1 | IHC | Total PV cell number | no change | [37] Dricks (2016) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | SI 3 weeks | CA1 | IHC | Total PV cell number | decreased | [44] Filipović et al. (2017) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | Acute (2h cold or RS) or chronic (21 days SI) stress, or chronic stress with acute stress at the end of isolation | CA1 | IHC | PV-immunoreactive number | decreased by isolation and combined isolation + acute stressors | [43] Filipović et al. (2013) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Adolescent | Adult | ♂ | Maternal stress: GD9 poly I:C injection (mimics infection); offspring exposed to 10 days variable unpredictable stress from P30–P40 | Ventral CA1-3 | IHC | Total PV cell number | no change | [54] Giovanoli et al., 2014 |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Adolescent | Adult | ♂ | Maternal stress: GD9 poly I:C injection (mimics infection); offspring exposed to 10 days variable unpredictable stress from P30–P40 | Dorsal CA1-3 | IHC | Total PV cell number | no change | [54] Giovanoli et al., 2014 |
| Rat (Wistar) | Juvenile-adult | Adult | ♂ | SI 8 weeks | CA1 | IHC | PV cell density | no change | [61] Greene et al., 2001 |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Juvenile-adult | Adult | ♀ | SI 11 weeks | CA1 | IHC | PV cell density | no change | [65] Harte et al. (2007) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent-adult | Adult | ♂ | RS 6h/day 3 weeks | CA1 | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [70] Hu et al. (2010) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | SDPS: 5 days defeat then SI until measurement | CA1 | IHC | PV cell density 72 h and 2, 4, and 8 weeks after last defeat | no change | [86] Koskinen et al. (2019) |
| Rat (Tryon Maze Dull) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CSD 8 days | CA1 pyramidal cell layer | IHC | Relative Optical Density of PV stain | no change | [87] Krugers et al. (1996) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | Gulf war illness model: 4 weeks daily: 5 min RS, pyridostigmine bromide 1.3 mg/kg oral, DEET 200ul 40 mg/kg dermal, and permethrin 200ul 0.13 mg/kg dermal. | CA1/3 | IHC | Total PV cell number | no change | [107] Megahed et al. (2014) |
| C57/BL6 mice | Early postnatal | Adult | ♂ | MSEW: MS 4h/day from P2–P5, then 8h/day from P6–P16. MS pups weaned at P17, controls at P21 | Ventral CA1 | IHC | PV cell density | no change | [116] Murthy et al. (2019) |
| GAD67(+/GFP) (HET) mice | – | Juvenile | ♂ | Maternal RS: 45 min 3x/day from E15 to E17.5; BrdU injection IP once at E12 or E15 | CA1 | IHC | PV+/GFP + cell density | decreased | [169] Uchida et al. (2014) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Juvenile-adolescent | Adolescent | ♂ | SI 5 weeks | CA1 | IHC and WFA stain | PV cell density; PNN + fraction of PV cells; PV fluorescence intensity; PV soma area | decreased PNN + fraction of PV cells and PV fluorescence | [170] Ueno et al. (2017) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Adolescent-adult | Adult | ♂ | CSIS 7 weeks. After stress, mice housed individually for 1 year | CA1 | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [179] Wang et al. (2019) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Early postnatal | Juvenile | ♂♀ | MS 4h/day 19 days | CA1 | IHC | 8-oxo-dG + fraction of PV cells; PV + cell 8-oxo-dG intensity; PV cell number; PV intensity | increased 8-oxo-dG + fraction; increased PV+ 8-oxo-dG in females vs males and increased PV intensity in males vs females | [159] Soares et al. (2020) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | SDPS: 5 days defeat then SI until measurement | CA1 | IHC | PV+/CSPG + cell density 72 h and 2, 4, and 8 weeks after last defeat | decreased at 72 h; increased at 8 weeks | [86] Koskinen et al. (2019) |
| C57/BL6 mice | Early postnatal | Adult | ♂ | MSEW: MS 4h/day from P2–P5, then 8h/day from P6–P16. MS pups weaned at P17, controls at P21 | Ventral CA1 | IHC and WFA stain | WFA intensity in PV cells | no change | [116] Murthy et al. (2019) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CUS 16 days or CMS 8 weeks | CA1 | IHC | PV cell density; PV cell surface area; PV fluorescence intensity | no change | [123] Nowak et al. (2010) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | SDPS: 5 days defeat then 3 months SI; controls pair housed for 3 months | Dorsal CA1 | IHC | PV + fraction of CSPG + cells; CSPG intensity in PV cells | increased PV + fraction | [144] Riga et al. (2017) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | SDPS: 5 days defeat then 3 months SI; controls pair housed for 3 months | CA1 stratum pyramidale | IHC | CSPG + fraction of PV cells; PV intensity in CSPG + cells | increased PV intensity | [144] Riga et al. (2017) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | SDPS: 5 days defeat then 3 months SI; controls pair housed for 3 months | CA1 stratum pyramidale | IHC | Fraction of high-PV expressing and intermediate-low-PV expressing PV+/CSPG+ and PV+/CSPG- cells | increased high-PV expressing and decreased intermediate-low-PV expressing PV+/CSPG + cells | [144] Riga et al. (2017) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent-adult | Adult | ♂ | RS 6h/day 3 weeks | CA1 | Electrophysiology | sIPSC frequency and amplitude on pyramidal neurons | increased frequency | [70] Hu et al. (2010) |
| C57/BL6 mice | Early postnatal | Adult | ♂ | MSEW: MS 4h/day from P2–P5, then 8h/day from P6–P16. MS pups weaned at P17, controls at P21 | Ventral CA1 | IHC | c-Fos + fraction of PV cells | no change | [116] Murthy et al. (2019) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | SDPS: 5 days defeat then 3 months SI; controls pair housed for 3 months | CA1 stratum pyramidale | Electrophysiology | sIPSC frequency and amplitude on pyramidal neurons | decreased frequency | [144] Riga et al. (2017) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CMS 9 weeks | Dorsal CA2/3 | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [30] Csabai et al. (2017) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CMS 9 weeks | Ventral CA2/3 | IHC | Total PV cell number | no change | [32] Czeh et al. (2015) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CMS 9 weeks | Dorsal CA2/3 | IHC | Total PV cell number | decreased | [32] Czeh et al. (2015) |
| PV-Cre Mouse | Adolescent-adult | Adult | not stated | SI 8 weeks; 16 days rest and behavioral tests | Ventral CA2/3 | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [34] Deng et al. (2020) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Early postnatal | Early postnatal | ♂ | Handling and MS: 15 or 180 min/day from P2–P14 | CA2/3 | IHC | Total PV cell number | no change | [37] Dricks (2016) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | SI 3 weeks | CA2 | IHC | Total PV cell number | decreased | [44] Filipović et al. (2017) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Juvenile-adult | Adult | ♀ | SI 11 weeks | CA2/3 | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [65] Harte et al. (2007) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent-adult | Adult | ♂ | RS 6h/day 3 weeks | CA2/3 | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [70] Hu et al. (2010) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Adolescent | Adolescent | ♂ | RS 6h/day 3 weeks | CA3 | IHC | Total PV cell number; PV cellular intensity | increased PV cell number | [27] Clarke et al. 2019 |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | SI 3 weeks | CA3 | IHC | Total PV cell number | decreased | [44] Filipović et al. (2017) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | Acute (2h cold or RS) or chronic (21 days SI) stress, or chronic stress with acute stress at the end of isolation | CA3 | IHC | PV-immunoreactive number | decreased by isolation and combined isolation + acute stressors | [43] Filipović et al. (2013) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Juvenile-adult | Adult | ♂ | SI 8 weeks | CA3 | IHC | PV cell density | no change | [61] Greene et al., 2001 |
| Rat (Tryon Maze Dull) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CSD 8 days | CA3 pyramidal cell layer | IHC | Relative Optical Density of PV stain | no change | [87] Krugers et al. (1996) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Early postnatal | Adult | ♂ | MSEW: MS 4h/day from P2–P5, then 8h/day from P6–P16. MS pups weaned at P17, controls at P21 | Ventral CA3 | IHC | PV cell density | no change | [116] Murthy et al. (2019) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CUS 16 days or CMS 8 weeks | CA3 | IHC | PV cell density; PV cell surface area; PV fluorescence intensity | no change | [123] Nowak et al. (2010) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Early postnatal | Juvenile | ♂♀ | MS 4h/day 19 days | CA3 | IHC | 8-oxo-dG + fraction of PV cells; PV + cell 8-oxo-dG intensity; PV cell number; PV intensity | increased PV+ 8-oxo-dG in females vs males and increased PV intensity in males vs females | [159] Soares et al. (2020) |
| GAD67(+/GFP) (HET) mice | – | Juvenile | ♂ | Maternal RS: 45 min 3x/day from E15 to E17.5; BrdU injection IP once at E12 or E15 | CA3 | IHC | PV+/GFP + cell density | no change | [169] Uchida et al. (2014) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Juvenile-adolescent | Adolescent | ♂ | SI 5 weeks | CA3 | IHC and WFA stain | PV cell density; PNN + fraction of PV cells; PV fluorescence intensity; PV soma area | decreased PV fluorescence and PV soma area | [170] Ueno et al. (2017) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Adolescent-adult | Adult | ♂ | CSIS 7 weeks. After stress, mice housed individually for 1 year | CA3 | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [179] Wang et al. (2019) |
| PV-Cre Mouse | Adolescent-adult | Adult | not stated | SI 8 weeks; 16 days rest and behavioral tests | Ventral Hippocampus | IHC | PV cell density | decreased | [34] Deng et al. (2020) |
| PV-Cre Mouse | Adolescent-adult | Adult | not stated | SI 8 weeks; 16 days rest and behavioral tests | Dorsal Hippocampus | IHC | PV cell density | no change | [34] Deng et al. (2020) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Early postnatal | Early postnatal | ♂ | Handling and MS: 15 or 180 min/day from P2–P14 | Hippocampus | IHC | Total PV cell number | no change | [37] Dricks (2016) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | Gulf war illness model: 4 weeks daily: 5 min RS, pyridostigmine bromide 1.3 mg/kg oral, DEET 200ul 40 mg/kg dermal, and permethrin 200ul 0.13 mg/kg dermal. | Hippocampus | IHC | Total PV cell number | decreased | [107] Megahed et al. (2014) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | RS: 6h/day for 10 days | Hippocampus | IHC and WFA stain | Total PV cell number; total PNN+/PV + cell number | no change | [139] Pesarico et al., 2019 |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Juvenile; adult | Adolescent; adult | ♂ | CUS 7 days | Hippocampus | IHC and WFA stain | PV cell density; PNN + fraction of PV cells; PV + fraction of PNNs; PV fluorescence; PV soma area | no change | [171] Ueno et al. (2018) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent | Adolescent | ♂ | Daily FS 10 days, RS 1h on days 1, 2, and 10 | Ventral Hippocampus | IHC | Total PV cell number | decreased | [57] Gomes et al. (2019) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | Daily FS 10 days, RS 1h on days 1, 2, and 10 | Ventral Hippocampus | IHC | Total PV cell number | decreased | [57] Gomes et al. (2019) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent | Adolescent; adult | ♂ | Daily FS 10 days, RS 1h on days 1, 2, and 10 | Ventral Hippocampus | IHC and WFA stain | Total PV/PNN + cell number | decreased in adolescents | [57] Gomes et al. (2019) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | SDPS: 5 days defeat then 3 months SI; controls pair housed for 3 months. ChABC or penicillinase bilateral injection to dorsal hippocampus >2 months after last CSD day | Dorsal Hippocampus | IHC | PV+/PNN + cell density | increased by CSD in penicillinase- but not chABC-treated rats; decreased by chABC treatment compared to penicillinase in both stressed and unstressed rats | [144] Riga et al. (2017) |
| Mouse (CD1) | Early postnatal | Early postnatal, juvenile | ♂♀ | 24 h MS on P4 with no food or water | Dorsal Hippocampus | IHC | PV cell density | decreased in left but not right dorsal hippocampus at both P14 and P28 | [78] Katahira et al. (2018) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Early postnatal | Juvenile, adolescent | ♂ | MS 4h/day from P2–P20 | Hippocampus | IHC; Western blot | PV cell density; PV protein content | no change | [19] Brenhouse and Andersen (2011) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Early postnatal | Adolescent | ♂♀ | MS 3h/day 3 weeks | Hippocampus | IHC; Western blot | PV immunoreactivity; PV cluster number; PV protein expression | decreased immunoreactivity and cluster number | [80] Kim et al. (2020) |
| GAD67-GFP Mouse (CD1) | – | Juvenile, adult | ♂ | Maternal stress: beginning on GD12, mothers received restraint stress 45 min 3x/d during daylight under bright lights. Litters weaned at P24 | Hippocampus | IHC; qPCR | PV + fraction of GAD67:GFP + cells; PV:GAD1 mRNA ratio | decreased PV + fraction at both ages, increased PV mRNA at P150 | [100] Lussier and Stevens (2016) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CMS 7 weeks | Ventral Hippocampus | qPCR; Western blot | PV mRNA expression; PV protein content | no change | [145] Rossetti et al. (2018) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | CMS 7 weeks | Dorsal Hippocampus | qPCR; Western blot | PV mRNA expression; PV protein content | decreased mRNA and protein | [145] Rossetti et al. (2018) |
| Mouse (C57/BL6) | Early postnatal | Early postnatal, juvenile, adolescent | ♂ | LB/LN P4–P11 | Hippocampus | qPCR | PV mRNA expression | increased at P12 and P16 | [8] Bath et al. (2016) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Adolescent-adult | Adult | ♂ | CUS 36 days | Hippocampus | Western blot | PV protein content | no change | [6] Banasr et al. (2017) |
| Rat (Wistar) | Adult | Adult | ♂ | SDPS: 5 days defeat then 3 months SI; controls pair housed for 3 months. ChABC or penicillinase bilateral injection to dorsal hippocampus >2 months after last CSD day | Dorsal Hippocampus | Electrophysiology | sIPSC frequency on pyramidal neurons | decreased by SDPS in penicillinase-treated rats; increased by chABC compared to penicillinase in SDPS rats | [144] Riga et al. (2017) |
| GAD67(+/GFP) (HET) mice | – | Juvenile | ♂ | Maternal RS: 45 min 3x/day from E15 to E17.5; BrdU injection IP once at E12 or E15 | Subiculum | IHC | PV+/GFP + cell density | no change | [169] Uchida et al. (2014) |
| Rat (Sprague-Dawley) | Early postnatal | Adolescent | ♂ | MS: 3h/day from P2–P14, or early handling P2–P14 (moved to different cage 15min/day) | Ammon's Horn | IHC | PV cell density | no change | [51] Giachino et al. (2007) |
Studies of particular significance are bolded. Mouse and rat life stages were defined as follows: P0-19 (postnatal day 0–19, where day of birth is P0; juvenile: P20-30; adolescent: P31-60; and adult: P61+. Abbreviations: BrdU: bromodeoxyuridine; chABC: chondroitinase ABC; CMS: chronic mild stress; CSD: chronic social defeat; CSIS: chronic social instability stress; CSPG: chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan; CUS: chronic unpredictable stress; EM: electron microscopy; FS: foot shock; GD#: gestational day, where day of fertilization is GD0; HET: heterozygous; IHC: immunohistochemistry; IP: intraperitoneal; LB/LN: limited bedding/limited nesting; MS: maternal separation; MSEW: maternal separation with early weaning; qPCR: quantitative polymerase chain reaction; RS: restraint stress; SDPS: social defeat-prolonged stress; SI: social isolation; WFA: Wisteria floribunda agglutinin.