Table 2.
Logistic regression analysis on the association between macrolide therapy and tinnitus
| Tinnitus cases/total, n (%) | Model 1, aOR [95% CI], P value | Model 2, aOR [95% CI], P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Users | n = 4276 | n = 4072 | |
| never users | 472/2409 (20) | Ref. | Ref. |
| ever users | 426/1867 (23) | 1.25 [1.08; 1.45], P = 0.004 | 1.25 [1.07; 1.46], P = 0.006 |
| Cumulative dose | n = 4276 | n = 4072 | |
| never users | 472/2409 (20) | Ref. | Ref. |
| 1–14 DDDs | 251/1148 (22) | 1.18 [0.99; 1.40], P = 0.063 | 1.19 [0.99; 1.43], P = 0.058 |
| >14 DDDs | 175/719 (24) | 1.36 [1.12; 1.66], P = 0.002 | 1.34 [1.08; 1.65], P = 0.007 |
| Macrolide typea | n = 3686 | n = 3513 | |
| never users | 472/2409 (20) | Ref. | Ref. |
| short-acting | 15/110 (14) | 0.70 [0.40; 1.24], P = 0.224 | 0.70 [0.38; 1.26], P = 0.231 |
| intermediate-acting | 145/625 (23) | 1.33 [1.02; 1.74], P = 0.034 | 1.31 [1.00; 1.73], P = 0.051 |
| long-acting | 121/542 (22) | 1.25 [0.98; 1.58], P = 0.071 | 1.29 [1.01; 1.66], P = 0.044 |
Model 1 was adjusted for age and sex.
Model 2 was additionally adjusted for SBP, alcohol (Last Observation Carried Forward), smoking, education level, BMI, diabetes, eGFR, use of tinnitus-generating drugs and other ototoxic drugs, and PTA0.25–8.
Significant estimates (P < 0.05) are indicated in bold.
Macrolides were categorized as short- (J01FA01, J01FA02), intermediate- (J01FA06, J01FA09, A02BD04) and long-acting (J01FA10), according to their mean plasma elimination half-life.7
a
Adjusted for cumulative dose.