TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of MHD patients
| Characteristics | Survivors | Nonsurvivors | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 79) | (N = 51) | ||
| Age (mean [SD], year) | 62 ± 13 | 66 ± 13 | 0.09a |
| Sex (n, %) | |||
| Male | 44 (56%) | 31 (61%) | 0.6f |
| Female | 35 (44%) | 20 (39%) | |
| BMI (mean ± SD, kg/m2) | 21.8 (20.0–25.1) | 21.2 (16.5–25.4) | 0.2b |
| Current smoker (n, %) | 24 (30%) | 14 (28%) | 0.8f |
| Contact history with COVID‐19 patients (n, %) | 40 (51%) | 21 (43%) | 0.4f |
| COVID‐19 patients in the family (n, %) | 18 (23%) | 15 (29%) | 0.4f |
| Primary causes of ESKD (n, %) | |||
| Diabetic nephropathy | 25 (32%) | 10 (20%) | 0.1f |
| Hypertensive kidney disease | 22 (28%) | 19 (38%) | 0.2f |
| Glomerulonephritis | 9 (11%) | 13 (26%) | 0.03*,f |
| Polycystic kidney disease | 3 (4%) | 1 (2%) | 0.9d |
| Lupus nephritis | 1 (1%) | 3 (6%) | 0.3d |
| Others | 24 (30%) | 4 (8%) | 0.003*,f |
| Coexisting disorders (n, %) | |||
| Cardiovascular disease | 55 (70%) | 33 (70%) | 0.9f |
| Diabetes mellitus | 30 (38%) | 14 (30%) | 0.3f |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 3 (4%) | 2 (4%) | 1.000d |
| Cancer | 0 (0%) | 2 (4%) | 0.1e |
| Hepatitis B virus infection | 6 (8%) | 4 (9%) | 1.000d |
| Hepatitis C virus infection | 3 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 0.5d |
| Previous medication (n, %) | |||
| ACEI/ARB | 23 (29%) | 22 (49%) | 0.03*,f |
| Immunosuppressant | 5 (6%) | 2 (4%) | 0.9d |
| Previous hemodialysis modality (n, %) | |||
| Hemodialysis | 73 (92%) | 49 (98%) | 0.3d |
| Hemodiafiltration | 24 (30%) | 13 (26%) | 0.6f |
| Hemoperfusion | 2 (3%) | 1 (2%) | 0.9d |
| Hemodialysis access (n, %) | |||
| AVF | 49 (63%) | 32 (63%) | 0.3f |
| CVC | 28 (35%) | 17 (33%) | 0.2f |
| CVC/AVF | 1 (1%) | 1 (2%) | 0.5e |
| AVG | 1 (1%) | 1 (2%) | 0.9e |
| Hemodialysis frequency (times/week, n, %) | |||
| <3 | 26 (33%) | 10 (20%) | 0.1f |
| =3 | 53 (67%) | 41 (80%) | |
| Hemodialysis months (median, IQR) | 31 (10–72) | 34 (9–63) | 0.7b |
Continuous variables were presented as median and interquartile range (IQR) or mean and standard deviation (SD). p values were calculated by Student's t test for normal distributed data (a) or Mann‐Whitney U nonparameter test for skewed distributed data (b). Categorical variables were expressed as number (%). p values were calculated by χ² test with Yates’ correction (d), Fisher's exact test (e) or Pearson's χ² test (f).
Abbreviations: ACEI, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; AVF, arteriovenous fistula; AVG, arteriovenous graft; BMI, body mass index; CVC, central venous catheter; ESKD, end stage kidney disease.