Table 2.
Predictors of baseline and change over time in children and adolescents’ for Conduct Problems, Hyperactivity/inattention, and Emotional Symptoms
| Conduct problems | Hyperactivity/inattention | Emotional symptoms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b (SE) | 95% CI | b (SE) | 95% CI | b (SE) | 95% CI | |
| Intercept | ||||||
| DASS | .14 (0.02)*** | 0.1, 0.17 | .16 (0.02)*** | 0.12, 0.19 | .26 (0.02)*** | 0.22, 0.30 |
| Child ethnicity | .002 (0.02) | −0.03, 0.03 | −.01 (0.02) | −0.04, 0.03 | −.03 (0.02) | −0.07, 0.003 |
| Child gender | −.06 (0.02)*** | −0.09, −0.03 | −.17 (0.02)*** | −0.2, −0.13 | .13 (0.02)*** | 0.09, 0.16 |
| SEN/ND | .3 (0.02)*** | 0.26, 0.34 | .42 (0.02)*** | 0.38, 0.46 | .3 (0.02)*** | 0.26, 0.35 |
| Single adult household | −.003 (0.02) | −0.04, 0.03 | .01 (0.02) | −0.03, 0.05 | .01 (0.02) | −0.04, 0.05 |
| Presence of siblings | .1 (0.02)*** | 0.07, 0.13 | −.02 (0.02) | −0.05, 0.01 | .05 (0.02)* | 0.02, 0.09 |
| Family warmth | −.2 (0.02)*** | −0.24, −0.17 | −.1 (0.02)*** | −0.14, −0.07 | −.03 (0.02) | −0.07, 0.01 |
| Family conflict | .45 (0.02)*** | 0.42, 0.49 | .22 (0.02)*** | 0.19, 0.26 | .12 (0.02)*** | 0.08, 0.16 |
| Child’s age | −.19 (0.02)*** | −0.22, −0.16 | −.23 (0.02)*** | −0.26, −0.19 | −.01 (0.02) | −0.04, 0.03 |
| Child's chronic health | .03 (0.02) | −0.01, 0.06 | .03 (0.02) | −0.002, 0.07 | .09 (0.02)*** | 0.05, 0.12 |
| Income: <£16k a | .07 (0.02)*** | 0.03, 0.11 | .05 (0.02)* | 0.01, 0.08 | .06 (0.02)* | 0.01, 0.10 |
| Income: £16−29k a | .05 (0.02)* | 0.01, 0.08 | .01 (0.02) | −0.03, 0.05 | .03 (0.02) | −0.01, 0.07 |
| Income: £60 – 89 a | −.03 (0.02) | −0.06, 0.01 | −.02 (0.02) | −0.06, 0.02 | −.03 (0.02) | −0.07, 0.01 |
| Income: £90−£119 a | −.01 (0.02) | −0.05, 0.02 | −.02 (0.02) | −0.06, 0.02 | −.08 (0.02)*** | −0.11, −0.04 |
| Income: > £120 a | −.04 (0.02)* | −0.07, −0.01 | −.05 (0.02)* | −0.09, 0.02 | −.1 (0.02)*** | −0.14, −0.07 |
| Slope | ||||||
| DASS | .07 (0.06) | −0.05, 0.18 | .15 (0.08) | −0.01, 0.30 | .08 (0.04) | −0.001, 0.16 |
| Child ethnicity | −.05 (0.05) | −0.15, 0.05 | −.01 (0.06) | −0.13, 0.12 | −.02 (0.04) | −0.09, 0.05 |
| Child gender | .01 (0.05) | −0.08, 0.11 | .001 (0.06) | −0.12, 0.12 | −.03 (0.04) | −0.10, 0.05 |
| SEN/ND | −.2 (0.06)* | −0.32, −0.07 | −.38 (0.14)* | −0.66, −0.11 | −.13 (0.05)* | −0.22, −0.05 |
| Single adult household | .03 (0.06) | −0.09, 0.15 | .06 (0.08) | −0.09, 0.21 | −.07 (0.05) | −0.16, 0.02 |
| Presence of siblings | −.15 (0.05)* | −0.25, −0.04 | −.07 (0.06) | −0.19, 0.05 | −.16 (0.04)*** | −0.24, −0.07 |
| Family warmth | .09 (0.06) | −0.02, 0.19 | −.11 (0.07) | −0.24, 0.03 | .003 (0.04) | −0.08, 0.08 |
| Family conflict | −.14 (0.06)* | −0.24, −0.03 | .05 (0.06) | −0.07, 0.18 | .01 (0.04) | −0.07, 0.10 |
| Child's age | −.05 (0.05) | −0.15, 0.05 | −.31 (0.12)* | −0.54, −0.08 | −.13 (0.04)* | −0.21, −0.05 |
| Child's chronic health | −.02 (0.05) | −0.12, 0.07 | .02 (0.06) | −0.09, 0.14 | .04 (0.04) | −0.04, 0.11 |
| Income: <£16 k a | −.15 (0.06)* | −0.27, −0.03 | −.06 (0.07) | −0.2, 0.09 | −.02 (0.05) | −0.11, 0.07 |
| Income: £16–29 k a | −.11 (0.06) | −0.23, 0.01 | .02 (0.07) | −0.12, 0.15 | .01 (0.04) | −0.08, 0.09 |
| Income: £60–89 a | −.01 (0.06) | −0.12, 0.10 | −.1 (0.08) | −0.24, 0.05 | −.02 (0.04) | −0.1, 0.07 |
| Income: £90–£119 a | −.01 (0.05) | −0.11, 0.09 | −.09 (0.07) | −0.23, 0.05 | −.03 (0.04) | −0.1, 0.05 |
| Income: >£120 a | .01 (0.05) | −0.1, 0.11 | −.07 (0.07) | −0.21, 0.07 | .06 (0.04) | −0.02, 0.14 |
| Quadratic | ||||||
| DASS | – | – | −.09 (0.06) | −0.2, 0.02 | −.06 (0.05) | −0.16, 0.03 |
| Child ethnicity | – | – | .004 (0.06) | −0.11, 0.12 | .04 (0.04) | −0.04, 0.12 |
| Child gender | – | – | .02 (0.05) | −0.08, 0.12 | .02 (0.04) | −0.07, 0.11 |
| SEN/ND | – | – | .3 (0.08)*** | 0.15, 0.45 | .12 (0.05)* | 0.02, 0.23 |
| Single adult household | – | – | −.07 (0.07) | −0.2, 0.06 | .09 (0.05) | −0.02, 0.19 |
| Presence of siblings | – | – | .05 (0.05) | −0.06, 0.15 | .15 (0.05)* | 0.06, 0.24 |
| Family warmth | – | – | .08 (0.06) | −0.04, 0.19 | .03 (0.05) | −0.07, 0.12 |
| Family conflict | – | – | −.08 (0.06) | −0.19, 0.03 | −.03 (0.05) | −0.13, 0.06 |
| Child’s age | – | – | .29 (0.07)*** | 0.14, 0.43 | .15 (0.05)* | 0.06, 0.25 |
| Child’s chronic health | – | – | .001 (0.05) | −0.10, 0.10 | −.02 (0.05) | −0.11, 0.07 |
| Income: <£16 k a | – | – | .05 (0.06) | −0.08, 0.17 | .03 (0.06) | −0.08, 0.13 |
| Income: £16–29 k a | – | – | −.02 (0.06) | −0.14, 0.10 | −.02 (0.05) | −0.11, 0.08 |
| Income: £60–89 a | – | – | .08 (0.06) | −0.04, 0.20 | .04 (0.05) | −0.06, 0.14 |
| Income: £90–£119 a | – | – | .08 (0.06) | −0.04, 0.20 | .05 (0.05) | −0.04, 0.14 |
| Income: >£120¹ | – | – | .07 (0.06) | −0.05, 0.18 | −.05 (0.05) | −0.14, 0.05 |
| Comparative Fit Index (CFI) | 0.983 | – | 0.998 | – | 0.999 | |
| Robust Tucker–Lewis Index (TLI) | 0.967 | – | 0.992 | – | 0.996 | |
| Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) | 0.035 | – | 0.018 | – | 0.012 | |
*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.
a
Income reference group = £30–59 k.