Table 1.
Clinical and pathological characteristics of cutaneous adverse events induced by COVID‐19 vaccines
| Patient | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, Age (y) | F,72 | M, 55 | M,76 | F, 67 | F, 55 | F, 80 | F, 43 | M, 44 |
| Comorbidities | Hypothyroidism, depression | None | None | Idiopathic CD4 immunodeficiency, thyroiditis, cutaneous vasculitis | Familial myoclonic dystonia | Mycosis fungoides, hypothyroidism, depression | HIV, Kaposi’s disease | None |
| Prior COVID‐19 infection | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Vaccine | Pfizer | Pfizer | Pfizer | Pfizer | Pfizer | Moderna | Astra Zeneca | Astra Zeneca |
| Time from 1st (or 2nd where indicated) dose to skin reaction onset (d) | 7 | 4 / 5 (after 2nd injection) | 5 | 8 | 12 | 2 (after 2nd injection) | 3 | 3 |
| Cutaneous manifestations | Morbilliform rash (50% of BSA) | Erythematous indurated nodules/chilblains | Diffuse erythematous rash (80% of BSA) | Morbilliform rash, pathergy reaction (50% of BSA) | Livedo racemosa of thighs | Fixed drug eruption | Diffuse maculopapular pustular exanthema (>80% of BSA) | Oedematous infiltrated plaque of buttock and thigh |
| Histopathological features | Spongiotic dermatitis | NA / papillary dermal oedema, superficial and deep perivascular and perieccrine lymphocytic infiltrate | Vacuolar interface dermatitis, spongiosis, perivascular superficial lymphocytic infiltrate | NA | Epidermal dysmaturation, vacuolization of basal keratinocytes, apoptotic cells | Vacuolar interface dermatitis, perivascular superficial lymphocytic infiltrate with numerous eosinophils | Lichenoid interface dermatitis, intracorneal pustules, lymphocytic infiltrate with numerous eosinophils | Papillary dermal oedema, superficial and deep perivascular lymphoplasmocytic infiltrate |
| Systemic manifestation | None | None for both manifestations | None | None | None | None | Eosinophilia, leucocytosis | Fever |
| Specific treatment | None | None for bothmanifestations | Topical CS, phototherapy | Topical CS | None | Topical CS | topical CS | none |
| Evolution | Resolution within 8d | Resolution within 7d for both manifestations | Improvement | Resolution within 15d | Persistence of post‐inflammatory pigmented lesions at 2 months | Resolution within 5d | Resolution within 30d | Resolution within 16d |
| Relapse following the 2nd dose | No | Yes (but different manifestation) | Yes | No | No | Appeared after the second dose | No (received Pfizer vaccine) | No |
F, female; M, male; y, year; d, day; BSA, body surface area; NA, non‐available; CS, corticosteroids.